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14th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2020

作者： Jimenez-Saez, Alejandro Schusler, Martin Pandel, Damian Krause, Christopher Zhao, Yixiong Bogel, Gerd Vom Benson, Niels Jakoby, Rolf Institute of Microwave Engineering and Photonics Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Institute of Technology for Nanostructures and Cenide University of Duisburg-Essen Duisburg Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems Duisburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9788831299008

This paper discusses a temperature-dependent characterization of deep reactive ion-etched 10 k\Omega cm high-resistive silicon (DRIE HR-Si), 3D printed alumina (Al-{2}O-{3}) and milled Rogers RT/Duroid® 6010.2LM. The characterization is performed by measuring high-Q photonic crystal resonator samples in W-band and the measurements are taken from 30C to 115C. HR-Si is the material with the lowest losses at room temperature. However, its losses increase with temperature and become higher than 3D printed alumina at 75°C, reducing the radar cross-section and maximum readout range of chipless wireless RFID tags integrating several of these resonators. These results demonstrate that, while HR-Si performance is higher for the usual temperatures achieved in an indoor localization scenario, 3D printed alumina is more suitable if a temperature-stable response is needed or if the tags need to operate at high temperatures, such as in case of fire. © 2020 EurAAP.

关键词： Radar cross section

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Towards Ontology-based Lifecycle Management in Blisk Manufacturing

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Procedia CIRP 2022年 112卷 280-285页

作者： Sven Schiller Markus Landwehr Georg Vinogradov Iraklis Dimitriadis Haydar Akyürek Johannes Lipp Philipp Ganser Thomas Bergs Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology (IPT) Steinbachstraße 17 52074 Aachen German Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology (FIT) Schloss Birlinghoven 1 53757 Sankt Augustin Germany Chair of Databases and Information Systems (DBIS) RWTH Aachen University Ahornstraße 55. 52074 Aachen Germany Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University Campus-Boulevard 30 52074 Aachen Germany

Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) handles the typical stages of a product's lifespan, and is usually implemented via different methods. This paper addresses the stages product design, process design, process analysis and manufacturing in the product and process development chain of a blade-integrated disk (blisk). Domain ontologies are evolved and incorporated, as well as used with Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) to implement a comprehensive PLM in the Internet of Production. An architecture based on the Resource Description Framework (RDF) that offers both ingestion and utilization of valuable information along the blisk lifecycle, and therefore enables PLM for all involved participants, is presented.

关键词： Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) Internet of Things (IoT) Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) Ontology Semantic Web Technologies

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Prediction of energy consumption for variable customer portfolios including aleatoric uncertainty estimation

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Mey, Oliver Schneider, André Enge-Rosenblatt, Olaf Bravo, Yesnier Stenzel, Pit Fraunhofer IIS/EAS Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits Division Engineering of Adaptive Systems Dresden Germany R&D Department Bettergy S.L. Málaga Spain

Using hourly energy consumption data recorded by smart meters, retailers can estimate the day-ahead energy consumption of their customer portfolio. Deep neural networks are especially suited for this task as a huge amount of historical consumption data is available from smart meter recordings to be used for model training. Probabilistic layers further enable the estimation of the uncertainty of the consumption forecasts. Here, we propose a method to calculate hourly day-ahead energy consumption forecasts which include an estimation of the aleatoric uncertainty. To consider the statistical properties of energy consumption values, the aleatoric uncertainty is modeled using lognormal distributions whose parameters are calculated by deep neural networks. As a result, predictions of the hourly day-ahead energy consumption of single customers are represented by random variables drawn from lognormal distributions obtained as output from the neural network. We further demonstrate, how these random variables corresponding to single customers can be aggregated to probabilistic forecasts of customer portfolios of arbitrary composition. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy utilization

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A design methodology for deep reinforcement learning in autonomous systems

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Procedia Manufacturing 2020年 52卷 266-271页

作者： Michael Hillebrand Mohsin Lakhani Roman Dumitrescu Product Engineering Fraunhofer IEM 33098 Paderborn Germany Heinz Nixdorf Institute Advanced Systems Engineering 33098 Paderborn Germany

Autonomous systems such as mobile robots will play an important role in fields like industrial production, transportation or in hostile environments such as space. One of the most fundamental problem in autonomous mobile robotics is autonomous navigation. It is imperative for a mobile robot to learn to navigate in complex environments such as roads or buildings. The most popular approach to this problem is to utilize different algorithms for mapping the environment, self-localization in the map, planning a trajectory to the given goal and executing this trajectory. However, there are some drawbacks of these approaches. We often make assumptions about the environment such as no dynamic or transparent objects. Moreover, there is considerable overhead, they do not learn from failures and operation scenarios. This prompts us to search for alternative approaches for autonomous navigation, such as deep reinforcement learning. However, the application of deep reinforcement learning to a particular task involves a series of non-trivial design decisions. Previous work have failed to address the need for a design methodology for deep reinforcement learning systems. In this paper, we propose design methodology and discuss relevant design decisions for deep reinforcement learning in autonomous systems. We apply the methodology to the problem of autonomous navigation.

关键词： Model-Based systems engineering Autonomous systems Deep Reinforcement Learning Hybrid Testbed

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Designing digital games for people with cerebral palsy - a qualitative approach on fostering self-efficacy and therapy compliance

Designing digital games for people with cerebral palsy - a q...

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IEEE International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH)

作者： Andre Hellwig Katrin Buschmann Anja Burmann HealthCare Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering Dortmund Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728190426

ISBN: (纸本)9781728190433

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common disability in childhood affecting movement, posture and muscle tone. Increasing self-efficacy can aid to foster therapy compliance in CP patients and improve their quality of daily life. Semistructured interviews (N=19) with therapists, children and adults with CP were conducted in order to gather information on how to increase self-efficacy and therapy compliance during physical exercises, and how game design of a digital therapy application can support this. Results have been evaluated in a focus group (N=6) and additional interviews (N=2). In conclusion, six categories were identified, that influence therapy compliance and self-efficacy in both digital and real world environment. Considering these when designing a digital game for CP patients may enhance the success of therapy and quality of a patient's life.

关键词： Games Medical treatment Interviews Pediatrics Muscles Task analysis

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Non-Polar a-plane AlScN(1120) Thin Film Based SAW Resonators with Significantly Improved Electromechanical Coupling

Non-Polar a-plane AlScN(1120) Thin Film Based SAW Resonators...

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2020 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2020

作者： DIng, Anli Driad, Rachid Lu, Yuan Feil, Niclas M. Kirste, Lutz Christoph, Tim Ambacher, Oliver Zukauskaite, Agne Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics IAF Department of Technology Freiburg Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics IAF Freiburg Germany University of Freiburg Department of Sustainable Systems Engineering INATECH Freiburg Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics IAF Department of Epitaxy Freiburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728154480

1 mumathrm{m} thick non-polar a-plane AlScN(11overline{2}0) thin films were prepared by magnetron sputter epitaxy on r-plane Al2O3(1overline{2}02) substrates. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements confirmed it as a single-phase wurtzite a-plane AlScN(11overline{2}0). Surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators with wavelengths lambda={2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10} mumathrm{m} were fabricated on a-plane mathrm{Al}{0.77}mathrm{Sc}{0.23}mathrm{N}(11overline{2}0), a-plane mathrm{Al}{0.68}mathrm{Sc}{0.32}mathrm{N}(11overline{2}0), and c-plane mathrm{Al}{0.77}mathrm{Sc}{0.23}mathrm{N}(0001) thin films. Compared to c-plane mathrm{Al}{0.77}mathrm{Sc}{0.23}mathrm{N}-based resonators, 1.85-10 times higher effective electromechanical coupling k{mathrm{eff}}-{2} was observed in the whole investigated resonator wavelength range. 50% higher figure of merit was obtained from a-plane Al0.77Sc0.23N-based highest frequency (1.71 GHz) SAW resonators and as high as 4.1% coupling was achieved for a-plane Al0.68Sc0.32N-based resonators (1.39 GHz). Moreover, SAW propagation properties of mathrm{AlScN}(11overline{2}0)/mathrm{Al}{2}mathrm{O}{3}(1overline{1}02) and AlScN(0001)/ Al2O3(0001) were analyzed using finite element method (FEM) simulations, the results were compared and they confirmed the experimentally observed trends. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Aluminum nitride

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Fiber Bragg Grating Based Tactile Sensing Tool for Minimally Invasive Surgery 25

Fiber Bragg Grating Based Tactile Sensing Tool for Minimally...

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Optical Fibers and Sensors for Medical Diagnostics, Treatment, and Environmental Applications XXV 2025

作者： Zhang, Zhenyu Violakis, Georgios Dawood, Abu Bakar Abdalwareth, Ahmad Althoefer, Kaspar Polygerinos, Panagiotis Angelmahr, Martin Schade, Wolfgang Department of Fiber Optical Sensor Systems Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute Am Stollen 19H Goslar38640 Germany Institute of Energy Research and Physical Technologies Clausthal University of Technology Am Stollen 19A Goslar38640 Germany Hellenic Mediterranean University Estavromenos Campus Heraklion71410 Greece School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781510683686

A novel miniaturized palpation probe for tactile and stiffness sensing based on fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is proposed in this article. The FBGs are inscribed point-by-point with femtosecond laser and integrated on a pneumatic actuated silicone membrane on the tip of the palpation probe for measuring the tactile force and the object's stiffness. During measurements, the back-reflected signals of the FBGs are monitored. The pressurecharged membrane deforms upon contact, resulting in changes to the measured FBG signal. These changes can be interpreted as the palpated force applied to the probe. Moreover, the deformation of the sensing membrane can be controlled by modulating the induced pneumatic pressure during object indentation, which results in different FBG signal responses regarding stiffness levels. Consequently, the stiffness of the object can be identified. The proposed sensor demonstrates the functionality of stiffness sensing and has the potential for integration into miniaturized tools for various minimally invasive surgical applications. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Transplantation (surgical)

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Designing business models for augmented reality 28

Designing business models for augmented reality

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28th International Conference for the International Association of Management of Technology: Managing Technology for Inclusive and Sustainable Growth, IAMOT 2019

作者： Röltgen, Daniel Wortmann, Fabio Grote, Eva-Maria Dumitrescu, Roman Fraunhofer Institute for Mechatronic Systems Design Product Engineering Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789388237543

Almost all sectors of the manufacturing industry are affected by a shift in which the traditional product portfolio is being replaced by highly integrated product service systems. This shift–also referred to as "servitization in manufacturing"–is accelerated by innovation potentials that arise from the progress of digitally enabled technologies. A technology with a considerable potential for the digital refinement of the product service business is Augmented Reality (AR). It enables real-world environments to be enriched with additional virtual content. For example, repair instructions can be visualized as a 3D animation superimposed on a physical machine, enabling service technicians to carry out complex tasks more time and cost efficiently. However, the integration of AR into the product service portfolio requires adjustments to the business model: (1) Companies have to identify promising use cases for AR that create value for the customer, thereby defining the value proposition of the business model. (2) The identified use cases need to be translated into products and services, integrated into the existing product service portfolio. (3) Promising business models have to be designed, taking into account the technology-specific challenges posed by AR (e.g. ensuring user acceptance, finding revenue models to cover the investment costs for AR devices). Despite the large variety of potential AR applications, business models successfully exploiting AR are still the exception, indicating that the development of sustainable business models is a significant challenge. With this in mind, in this paper, we present an approach for designing business models for AR. The approach consists of a procedure model providing step-by-step instructions on how to develop business models for AR and additional tools (e.g. catalogue with AR use cases, business model cards), that help to tackle the technology-specific challenges caused by AR. It combines a methodical procedure with technolo

关键词： Repair

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Learning Classical Readout Quantum PUFs based on single-qubit gates

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Pirnay, Niklas Pappa, Anna Seifert, Jean-Pierre Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Technische Universität Berlin Berlin10587 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems Berlin10587 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology Darmstadt64295 Germany

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have been proposed as a way to identify and authenticate electronic devices. Recently, several ideas have been presented that aim to achieve the same for quantum devices. Some of these constructions apply single-qubit gates in order to provide a secure fingerprint of the quantum device. In this work, we formalize the class of Classical Readout Quantum PUFs (CR-QPUFs) using the statistical query (SQ) model and explicitly show insufficient security for CR-QPUFs based on single qubit rotation gates, when the adversary has SQ access to the CR-QPUF. We demonstrate how a malicious party can learn the CR-QPUF characteristics and forge the signature of a quantum device through a modelling attack using a simple regression of low-degree polynomials. The proposed modelling attack was successfully implemented in a real-world scenario on real IBM Q quantum machines. We thoroughly discuss the prospects and problems of CR-QPUFs where quantum device imperfections are used as a secure fingerprint. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Hardware security

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Using Supervised Deep-Learning to Model Edge-FBG Shape Sensors

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Roodsari, Samaneh Manavi Huck-Horvath, Antal Freund, Sara Zam, Azhar Rauter, Georg Schade, Wolfgang Cattin, Philippe C. Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel Gewerbestrasse 14 Allschwil4123 Switzerland Division of Engineering New York University Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi129188 United Arab Emirates Tandon School of Engineering New York University BrooklynNY11201 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel Switzerland Department of Fiber Optical Sensor Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications Heinrich Hertz Institute HHI Am Stollen 19H Goslar38640 Germany

Continuum robots in robot-assisted minimally invasive surgeries provide adequate access to target anatomies that are not directly reachable through small incisions. Achieving precise and reliable motion control of such snakelike manipulators necessitates an accurate navigation system that requires no line-of-sight and is immune to electromagnetic noises. Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) shape sensors, particularly edge-FBGs, are promising tools for this task. However, in edge-FBG sensors, the intensity ratio between Bragg wavelengths carries the strain information that can be affected by undesired bending-related phenomena, making standard characterization techniques less suitable for these sensors. We showed in our previous work that a deep learning model has the potential to extract the strain information from the full edge-FBG spectrum and accurately predict the sensor’s shape. In this paper, we conduct a more thorough investigation to find a suitable architectural design with lower prediction errors. We use the Hyperband algorithm to search for optimal hyperparameters in two steps. First, we limit the search space to layer settings, where the best-performing configuration gets selected. Then, we modify the search space for tuning the training and loss calculation hyperparameters. We also analyze various data transformations on the input and output variables, as data rescaling can directly influence the model’s performance. Moreover, we performed discriminative training using the Siamese network architecture that employs two CNNs with identical parameters to learn similarity metrics between the spectra of similar target values. The best-performing network architecture among all evaluated configurations can predict the sensor’s shape with a median tip error of 3.11mm. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings

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