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Implementing human-robot collaboration in highly dynamic environments: Assessment, planning and development

AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2989卷

作者： A. Bastidas-Cruz T. Jaya G. Thiele J. Krüger Process Automation and Robotics Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstr. 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany Head of Industrial Automation Technology Department Institute of Machine Tools and Factory Management Technische Universität Berlin Pascalstr. 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany

Human-robot collaboration (HRC) applications have been slowly making their path in the industry. Although the required hardware and the methods for the planning and development of collaborative robotic applications are mostly already developed, some industrial branches still struggle to implement HRC. This is the case in motorcycle production, where, unlike car production, the assembly line has been optimized for manual *** on the use case described above, this paper identifies new requirements of HRC for automated screwing assembly operations in flexible production environments. In order to compensate deviations in the position of the tool relative to the workpiece, a screwing strategy based on force control is proposed. Parameter sensitivity is considered and supported experimentally with a screwing task performed by a cobot, where a method for contact detection between the nutrunner and the screw head is analyzed. This paper brings a guideline for experts from the manufacturing system engineering to implement HRC in highly dynamic assembly environments.

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Simulation of dressing process for continuous generating gear grinding

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Procedia CIRP 2019年 79卷 280-285页

作者： Jonas Böttger Simon Kimme Welf-Guntram Drossel Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes IWP Chemnitz University of Technology Reichenhainer Str. 70 09126 Chemnitz Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Str. 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany

Requirements for process accuracy in generating gear grinding are particularly high when it comes down to low noise emission of gears. Coincidentally, dressing has crucial influence on the grinding process and the flank topography of gear wheels, whereas the number of investigations focusing on the dressing process is fairly small. In order to examine the impact of dressing errors on the flank surface of the grinding worm, this work deals with the development of a kinematic cutting model for dressing using truing rolls. Apart from required simulation accuracy, the influence of selected dressing errors and corresponding process parameters is discussed.

关键词： Dressing Grinding Gear Simulation

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Automated machine learning for predictive quality in production

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 93卷 443-448页

作者： Jonathan Krauß Bruno Machado Pacheco Hanno Maximilian Zang Robert Heinrich Schmitt Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Steinbachstr. 17 Aachen 52074 Germany Laboratory for Machine Tools WZL RWTH Aachen University Steinbachstr. 19 Aachen 52074 Germany

Applications that leverage the benefits of applying machine learning (ML) in production have been successfully realized. A fundamental hurdle to scale ML-based projects is the necessity of expertise from manufacturing and data science. One possible solution lies in automating the ML pipeline: integration, preparation, modeling and model deployment. This paper shows the possibilities and limits of applying AutoML in production, including a benchmarking of available systems. Furthermore, AutoML is compared to manual implementation in a predictive quality use case: AutoML still requires programming knowledge and is outperformed by manual implementation - but sufficient results are available in a shorter timespan.

关键词： Predictive Quality machine Learning Data Science Automated ML AutoML Benchmarking Artificial Intelligence Data Integration Data Preprocessing Hyperparameter Tuning

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High-Speed Incremental forming – New Technologies For Flexible Production Of Sheet Metal Parts

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Procedia Manufacturing 2019年 27卷 21-26页

作者： M. Linnemann V. Psyk E. Djakow R. Springer W. Homberg D. Landgrebe Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Strasse 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany Paderborn University – Department of Forming and Machining Technology Pohlweg 47-49 33098 Paderborn Germany

High-speed forming technologies have a very high potential for shaping complex parts and constitute a key means of reducing a component’s weight. For many materials they offer advantages such as low tool cost, high tool flexibility and extended forming limits at room temperature,. Hence, stringent emission regulations can be fulfilled and essential resources are saved. The limited forming zone, however, makes it impossible to achieve flexible, cost-efficient production of complex large-surface parts by high-speed forming alone. In order to overcome this problem, this paper suggests two different innovative forming concepts which enhance the pulsed-power-driven, high-speed forming technologies of electrohydraulic forming and electromagnetic forming by applying an incremental strategy. The concept is presented for both technologies, with a description of the different setups required for achieving the incremental movement in the forming sequence, employing guide railsand an industrial robot. Advantages and limits are discussed, and first experimental results prove the feasibility and give an impression of the process potential.

关键词： Incremental Sheet forming Electromagnetic forming Hydroforming

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Application of additive manufactured tungsten carbide-cobalt electrodes with interior flushing channels in S-EDM

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 95卷 460-465页

作者： Eckart Uhlmann Julian Polte Robert Bolz Sami Yabroudi Jan Streckenbach André Bergmann Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology Pascalstrasse 8-9 Berlin 10587 Germany Technische Universität Berlin Chair of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology Pascalstrasse 8-9 Berlin 10587 Germany

Application fields of electrical discharge machining (EDM) are limited due to given process conditions. Manufacturing of parts with high aspect ratios and the application of multi-axis machining are limited due to process instabilities caused by removed particles. A promising approach to improve EDM process conditions, especially in sinking EDM (S-EDM), is the utilization of flushing channels in the tool electrode. However, with increasing complexity of the tool electrode geometry and the local integration of these flushing channels, conventional tool electrode manufacturing by cutting is limited. In contrast to that, the machining process selective laser melting (SLM) does not have such limitations. The appropriate integration of flushing channels, even for complex electrode geometries, improves process conditions during EDM in a variety of applications. This leads to a higher material removal rate and reduced tool wear compared to machining without flushing. Additionally, the number of required tool electrodes can be reduced, as SLM enables an efficient integration and miniaturization of all features in a single electrode. Because of its wear resistance and stability, tungsten carbide is an ideal tool electrode material, which is commonly applied in drilling EDM. After identifying suitable process parameters for roughing EDM with additively manufactured tungsten carbide cobalt tool electrodes, different forms of flushing channels were analysed in order to establish a fast process with minimum tool electrode wear. The results concerning material removal rate and the relative tool wear could be improved by applying internal flushing, though the tool wear stayed at a worse level compared to conventional tool electrode materials.

关键词： EDM SLM additive manufacturing tungsten carbide-cobalt tool electrode

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Advances in Modeling of the Kerf Formation considering the Primary and Deflection Jets for the Abrasive Water Jet technology

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 102卷 156-161页

作者： Eckart Uhlmann Harald Kruggel-Emden Constantin Männel Enrico Barth Darius Markauskas Technische Universität Berlin Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management (IWF) Pascalstr. 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology (IPK) Pascalstr. 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany Technische Universität Berlin Mechanical Process Engineering and Solids Processing Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1 10587 Berlin

Processing of difficult to machine materials is a promising application for abrasive water jet kerf cutting and milling. However, due to the large number of interactions of an energy-bound cutting process, a precise prediction of the material removal is crucial for its application. Based on an analytical approach, a material removal simulation model is introduced considering the primary and deflecting jet impacts to rapidly predict various cutting situations. The model describes fundamental cutting mechanisms considering the water jet’s material removal rate and is calibrated for titanium aluminides. The model allows for a comprehensive kerf prediction and thus potentially accelerates the process design improving the productivity and quality for abrasive water jet kerf cutting and milling.

关键词： Waterjet machining Titanium aluminides AWJ milling Modeling AWJ deflection

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Experimental Study on Micro forming of Structured Surfaces for High Static Friction Connection Elements

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Procedia Manufacturing 2020年 47卷 1230-1234页

作者： Ingo Schaarschmidt Philipp Steinert Matthias Hackert-Oschätzchen Gunnar Meichsner Andreas Schubert Guido Jungblut Professorship Micromanufacturing Technology Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Chemnitz University of Technology 09107 Chemnitz Germany Chair of Manufacturing Technology with Focus Machining Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg 39106 Magdeburg Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology 09126 Chemnitz Germany Pro-Com A. Jungblut GmbH 66663 Merzig Germany

Bolt connections are the most prevalent technical solution to join several devices. To meet high requirements on lightweight constructions and safety-relevant technologies bolt connections require additional security elements or surface modifications to increase static friction without damaging the workpiece surface significantly. One possible solution is the micro structuring of the connection element surface within the conventional forming process chain. For the manufacturing of micro structured connection elements a micro structured forming tool is needed. Therefore, the forming tool has to feature a negative geometry of the connection element surface micro geometry. Requirements on forming tool materials are high hardness in combination with high wear resistance and good toughness. Suitable technologies to manufacture such micro structured metal dies are laser beam machining (LBM), electrochemical machining (ECM) and electrical discharge machining (EDM), respectively. In this study the micro forming process of high static friction connection elements is investigated. The manufactured connection element surfaces are analyzed after the forming experiments and the results are associated with the surfaces of the metal dies. Therefore the surfaces of the utilized metals dies are compared with each other and with a grinded reference surface and characteristic parameters are analyzed. The comparison is based on the resulting surface roughness parameters and surface conditions before and after lubricated forming experiments. At least wear of the metal dies after multiple forming operations is analyzed. As one result, ECM manufactured metal dies have shown a high degree of replication in combination with high wear resistance.

关键词： Micro forming Static friction Connection element

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Methodology for the determination of the logic of innovation ideas for technical systems

Methodology for the determination of the logic of innovation...

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IEEE technology & Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)

作者： Günther Schuh Thomas Schwarberg Patrick Scholz Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Department of Technology Management Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Aachen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728142241

ISBN: (纸本)9781728142258

Innovation today is more crucial for companies than ever. The prerequisite for every innovation is an innovation idea (referred to as “idea” within this paper). However, not every idea can be further developed. The limitation of resources requires companies to restrict themselves to only the most promising ideas. These promising ideas are selected on the basis of a defined evaluation process, which focuses on the evaluation of the idea's potential. Meanwhile the realization of this potential is neglected due to missing suitable evaluation approaches. The result is a severe deficit regarding the success of the evaluation process. Only one out of 3,000 initially selected ideas leads to a successful product innovation. Hence, the aim of this paper is the development of a methodology, which enables the assessment of the realizability of ideas. For this, the authors propose the introduction of a logic degree as assessment criteria for ideas.

关键词： Technological innovation Companies Research and development management Conferences Bibliographies technology management Production

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Erratum to ‘Biologicalisation of surface structuring: Comparative environmental assessment of microbial biomachining vs. chemical etching’ [Procedia CIRP 125 (2024) 142–147]

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 125卷 343-343页

作者： Sophia Kohn Felix Wanielik Robar Arafat Max Juraschek Christoph Herrmann Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin Films IST Riedenkamp 2 38108 Braunschweig Germany Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing & Life Cycle Engineering Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology (IWF) Technische Universität Braunschweig Langer Kamp 19b 38106 Braunschweig Germany

The publisher regrets that the supplementary material was not published together with the article. The material is now available online. The publisher would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

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Preparation of symmetrical and asymmetrical cutting edges on solid cutting tools using brushing tools with filament-integrated diamond grits

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 93卷 873-878页

作者： T. Bergs S.A.M. Schneider M. Amara P. Ganser Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University Campus-Boulevard 30 52074 Aachen Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Steinbachstrasse 17 52074 Aachen Germany

The manufacturing of asymmetric cutting edges is crucial for tool life and performance of cutting tools. For rotationally symmetric cutting tools with a complex profile of the cutting edges, such as milling or drilling tools, no suitable preparation methods exist so far. This paper presents a model that describes the targeted preparation of symmetrical and asymmetrical cutting edges using abrasive brushing tools with filament-integrated diamond grits in dependence of various process parameters. The selected process parameters and dimensions of the brushing tool ensure the accessibility of real cutting tools. In addition, the results of investigations on brushing tool wear are presented.

关键词： machining cutting edge preparation brushing cutting tool microgeometry

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