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Novel photocatalytic coating for corrosion mitigation in 304LSS of dry storage canisters

Frontiers in Materials 2023年 10卷

作者： Sathasivam, Kamalasekaran Wang, Mei-Ya Anbalagan, Aswin kumar Lee, Chih-Hao Yeh, Tsung-Kuang Nanoscience and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan

Type 304L stainless steel (304LSS) is one of the candidate canister materials for storing radioactive spent fuels, usually near seashore environments along with nuclear power plants. During the prolonged exposure of dry storage canisters to saline environments, they are highly susceptible to chloride induced stress corrosion cracking. Failure of a dry storage canister not only would release radioactive isotopes into the environment, but would also lead to a costly replacement of the cracked canister. The objective of this study is to develop a multilayered titanium dioxide (TiO2) composite coating on a 304LSS substrate. With ultraviolet (UV) illumination, this coating would act as a barrier and simultaneously offer cathodic protection against corrosion in the substrate alloy. The composite coating consists of a plain amorphous TiO2 coating over another cerium-doped (Ce-doped) TiO2 coating. Electronic currents generated by photo-catalytic reaction of the amorphous TiO2 coating under UV illumination were measured. Photo-electrochemical analyses and surface morphology observations were conducted to evaluate the performance of the Ce-doped coatings on corrosion mitigation. Optimal amounts of cerium doping that offered better photo-cathodic protection were also explored. Results indicated that the Ce-doped TiO2 coating exhibited a better performance on photo-cathodic protection for 304L stainless steel in aerated 3.5% NaCl solutions than the one without cerium doping. The underlying Ce-doped TiO2 coating was effectively charged during UV illumination, and it was able to continuously release electrons even after the UV was switched off, thus providing uninterrupted photo-cathodic protection for the coated 304L stainless steel substrate. Copyright © 2023 Sathasivam, Wang, Anbalagan, Lee and Yeh.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Associations between parental and postnatal metal mixture exposure and developmental delays in a Taiwanese longitudinal birth cohort of preschool children

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Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2023年第55期30卷 117360-117372页

作者： Kao, Chi-Sian Fan, Yen-Tzu Wang, Ying-Lin Chen, Yi-Hua Chao, Hsing-Jasmine Lo, Yu-Chun Jiang, Chuen-Bin Chien, Ling-Chu School of Public Health College of Public Health Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Neuroscience Research Center Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition MacKay Children’s Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan Nutrition Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan

Studies have evaluated the impact of environmental exposure to neurotoxic metals on developmental delays (DDs). However, comprehensive understanding regarding the associations between parental and postnatal exposure to metal mixtures and the occurrence of DDs in offspring is limited. In this study, we assessed the relationships between parental and postnatal exposure to three metals (arsenic [As], cadmium [Cd], and lead [Pb], levels of which were measured in toenails) and suspected DDs (SDDs) in preschool children within a Taiwanese longitudinal birth cohort. In total between 2017 and 2021, 154 pairs of parents and their children under the age of 6 years were recruited, and 462 toenail samples and 154 completed questionnaires were collected. Metal concentrations in toenails were quantified using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry after acid digestion of the toenails. We applied multivariable logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression to evaluate the overall effect and to identify key components of the metal mixture that were associated with the SDD risk. Higher concentrations of As, Cd, and Pb were found in the toenails of the parents of children with SDDs compared with the toenails of the parents of children without SDDs. Our examination of the combined effects of exposure to the metal mixture revealed that As concentration in the father’s toenail and Cd concentration in the mother’s toenail were positively correlated with the risk of SDDs in their offspring. Notably, the effect of exposure to the metal mixture on the risk of SDDs was stronger in boys than in girls. Our findings suggest that parents taking measures to minimize their exposure to metals might enhance their children’s developmental outcomes. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Arsenic

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FDAM: Filter-Dedicated Approximate Multiplier Design for Real-Time CNN Acceleration

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IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2025年

作者： Nguyen, Kihwan Kim Xuan Truong Jeon, Dongsuk Lee, Hyuk-Jae Korea Republic of program Department of Electrical Engineering Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center Seoul National University Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Research Institute for Convergence Science Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Video super-resolution (VSR) is widely used in various high-definition applications, such as HDTVs and smartphones, requiring a dedicated upscaling technique for realtime full-HD generation. To reduce on-chip buffers for largesize output feature maps, a streaming VSR accelerator may employ an output stationary dataflow, leading to a large energy consumption caused by frequent filter switching. To mitigate this, we introduce a new filter-dedicated multiplier design for realtime VSR acceleration. We replace costly multipliers with adders, shifters, and multiplexers (MUXes), referred to as unified multiple constant multiplications (UMCM). The conventional UMCM, however, may incur considerable area/power overhead due to the unified topology constraint among different filter sets. To address this problem, we propose a new approximated MCM (AMCM) problem to relax the constraint and an approximate compatible graph synthesis (A-CGS) framework to efficiently solve AMCM by jointly searching for approximated filters and constructing a unified graph. Additionally, we suggest a lightweight finetuning method by freezing approximated filters and only finetuning biases, which can recover the original model’s accuracy within a few epochs. Experimental results with synthetic data demonstrate that AMCM reduces the area by up to 49.8%, 44.8%, and 40.3% when considering constant sets of 2, 4, and 8, respectively. Our designs with SR application achieve up to a 73.3% reduction in energy consumption. Experiments with the Set5 and Set14 datasets show that our model with bias correction achieves similar restoration performance compared to the eightbit models. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Acceleration

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Evaluation of the Influence of Eggshell (ES) Concentration on the Degradation Behavior of Mg-2.5Zn Biodegradable Alloy in Simulated Body Fluid

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ACS Biomaterials Science and engineering 2023年第5期9卷 2376-2391页

作者： Radwan, A. Bahgat Okonkwo, Paul C. Murugan, Srinivasan Parande, Gururaj Taryba, Maryna Montemor, M. Fatima Al-Mansoori, Layla Elrayess, Mohamed A. Al-Qahtani, Noora Gupta, Manoj Youssef, Khaled M. Case, Raymundo Shakoor, R.A. Abdullah, Aboubakr M. Center for Advanced Materials Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Dhofar University Salalah211 Oman Mahendra Engineering College Tamil Nadu Namakkal637503 India Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 Singapore117576 Singapore Centro de Quimica Estrutural Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais Lisboa1049-001 Portugal Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Materials Science and Technology Graduate Program College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States

Currently, permanent vascular stents are fabricated using titanium and stainless steel implants that are nondegradable and offer high stability, but they have certain disadvantages. For example, the prolonged exposition of aggressive ions in the physiological media and the existence of defects in the oxide film create conditions for corrosion to occur, thus triggering unwanted biological events and compromising the mechanical integrity of the implants. Moreover, when the implant does not need to be permanent, there is the need to submit the patient for a second surgery for implant removal. As a solution for nonpermanent implants, biodegradable magnesium alloys have been deemed a promising substitute, for example, for cardiovascular-related applications and the construction of orthopedic devices. A biodegradable magnesium alloy (Mg-2.5Zn) reinforced by zinc and eggshell was employed in this study as an environment-conscious magnesium (eco) composite (Mg-2.5Zn-xES). Disintegrated melt deposition (DMD) was used to fabricate the composite. Experimental studies were conducted to investigate the biodegradation performance of Mg-Zn alloys containing 3 and 7 wt % eggshell (ES) in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C. Different corrosion techniques were used to study the corrosion behavior of the Mg-2.5Zn-xES composites, including weight loss measurements, hydrogen evolution, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to scrutinize the corroded surfaces’ morphology and composition. The outcomes indicated that Mg-2.5Zn-3ES possesses the lowest degradation activity. © 2023 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

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Photocatalytic degradation of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid using titanium dioxide/graphene oxide nanocomposite immobilized on polyvinyl alcohol film

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Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental engineering 2024年 10卷

作者： Boonchata, Putthicha Boontanon, Narin Jindal, Vinod Aung, Humm Kham Zan Zan Visvanathan, Chettiyappan Fujii, Shigeo Boontanon, Suwanna Kitpati Graduate Program in Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mahidol University Research Center and Technology Development for Environmental Innovation Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies Mahidol University Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mahidol University Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Kyoto University

In full-scale units, the real application of nanoparticles photocatalytic degradation is still challenging due to the requirement of post separation for recovery of fine particles. This work investigated the removal efficiencies of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) using titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles coupling with graphene oxide (GO) sheets immobilized in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix via solution-casting and a heat-treatment process to achieve the TiO₂/GO/PVA nanocomposite film as a photocatalyst. The operative parameters were focused on initial solution pH value, GO concentration, and heat-treatment time, which subsequently determined the optimal indices for the catalyst film. The structure characterization of the Ti–O–C bond indicated that a strong interaction between GO and TiO₂ had been formed at the hydrolysis process while TiO₂/GO nanoparticles were chemically embedded in PVA matrix by the heat-treatment method. The photocatalytic degradation of PFOS and PFOA produced a nanocomposite film with 25 wt% TiO₂/GO that was treated at 120 °C for 3 h and exhibited a remarkable removal activity in acidic solution with a pH of 3. This condition efficiently degraded PFOS and PFOA by approximately 95.99 % and 96.89 %, respectively, through a photocatalytic reaction. This research presents a straightforward method to synthesize TiO₂/GO/PVA catalyst that influences persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under ultraviolet irradiation, which is of practical significance for environmental applications. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Graphene oxide PFOA PFOS Photocatalytic Polyvinyl alcohol Titanium dioxide

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Spatially differentiated life cycle assessment of Thailand's transport: The implications from country-specific factors and alternative technologies

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Sustainable Production and Consumption 2025年 57卷 319-340页

作者： Chotanapund, Vitoon Gheewala, Shabbir H. Strezov, Vladimir Huda, Nazmul Mungkalasiri, Jitti Prapaspongsa, Trakarn Graduate Program in Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom Thailand School of Natural Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering Macquarie University NSW2109 Australia King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand Center of Excellence on Energy Technology and Environment Ministry of Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Ministry of Education Bangkok Thailand School of Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Macquarie University NSW2109 Australia Pathum Thani Thailand

This study proposed country-specific characterisation factors (CFs) for Thailand by modifying the Thai Spatially Differentiated Life Cycle Impact Assessment (ThaiSD) method and introducing monetary conversion factors to express environmental impacts in Thai Baht. Five impact categories were fully parameterised, including fine particulate matter formation (PMF), human toxicity (both cancer and non-cancer) (HTc and HTnc), freshwater ecotoxicity (FET), and water scarcity (WS). Other spatialised CFs were selected from regionalisation models in ReCiPe2016 and IMPACT World+. When comparing the use of country-specific CFs with global average, the impact scores for PMF, HTc, HTnc, FET, photochemical ozone formation and terrestrial acidification demonstrated notably different levels, ranging from ±25 to ±50 %. The developed method was then applied to assess environmental impacts and costs of Thailand's transport sector, encompassing freight and passenger transport across roadway, railway, waterway, and aviation. Climate change (CC) was significantly attributed to human health and ecosystem quality impacts, while the major contributor to resource scarcity impact was fossil resource scarcity (FS). In some scenarios, non-exhaust emissions, particularly from freight trucks, accounted for 40–60 % of the total PMF impacts. Environmental costs of freight and passenger transport in Thailand were 0.08–3.64 Thai Baht per tonne-kilometre and 0.01–0.81 Thai Baht per passenger-kilometre, respectively. Among transport modes, trains were found to be the most environmentally favourable option for both passenger and freight transport, while aviation had the highest environmental impact for freight transport. In contrast, passenger aviation had a comparable environmental burden to passenger cars due to optimised occupancy rates. Despite the efficiency of modern internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), particularly Euro 5 and 6, employing blended biodiesel was less effective in comparison

关键词： Freight transportation

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Platform for Evanescent Wave Sensor Fabrication Based on 3D-Printed Fiber Optic Holder

Platform for Evanescent Wave Sensor Fabrication Based on 3D-...

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Optical Fiber Sensors (LAWOFS), Latin American Workshop on

作者： Afonso Henrique Henschel Baptista Pedro Bertemes-Filho Aleksander Paterno Raquel Bettega Jose Pedro Mansueto Serbena Nathalia Prediger Ricardo Kamikawachi Department of Electrical Engineering Center for Science and Technology - Santa Catarina State University – CCT-UDESC Joinville Brazil Group of Organic Optoelectronic Devices (GOOD) Federal University of Parana – UFPR Curitiba Brazil Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering Federal University of Technology - Parana – UTFPR Curitiba Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9786589532026

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362725

This paper describes the low-cost manufacturing process of an evanescent wave fiber sensor platform that allows the etching of the fiber in hydrofluoric acid with the proposed 3D-printed fiber holder in an acid resistant material. The fiber holder is practical for allowing several processing procedures during its use and sensor fabrication, allowing sensor optical and electrical operation. In this work, some aspects of its characterization are presented in the optical domain showing the excitation of surface plasmons in the visible range, and also indication of its electrical operation of the thin-film as electrode.

关键词： Optical fiber polarization Optical fiber sensors Gold Optical polarization Biomedical optical imaging Optical device fabrication Optical films

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An ultra thin,bright,and sensitive interactive tactile display based on organic mechanoluminescence for dual-mode handwriting identification

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InfoMat 2024年第6期6卷 76-87页

作者： Tingting Hou Wenlang Li Haoyu Wang Yuantian Zheng Chaojie Chen Haoran Zhang Kai Chen Huilin Xie Xin Li Shaoshuai He Siwei Zhang Dengfeng Peng Cheng Yang Jacky W.Y.Lam Ben Zhong Tang Yunlong Zi Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kongthe People's Republic of China Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced StudyThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kongthe People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenthe People's Republic of China Thrust of Sustainable Energy and Environment The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhouthe People's Republic of China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Program Office Hong Kong SARthe People's Republic of China Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenthe People's Republic of China School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and TechnologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenthe People's Republic of China HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute Shenzhenthe People's Republic of China Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute Guangzhouthe People's Republic of China

Visible light-based human–machine interactive media is capable of transmitting electrical readouts to machines and providing intuitive feedback to users ***,many inorganic mechanoluminescent(ML)materials-based interactive media,typically ZnS-loaded phosphors(ZLPs),have been successfully ***,organic ML materials-based solutions were rarely exploited despite their huge merits of strong structural modification,abundant luminescence property,low cost,easy preparation,and so ***,we propose a novel interactive tactile display(ITD)based on organic ML materials(Cz-A6-dye)and triboelectric nanogenerator,with ultra-brightness(130%enhancement)and ultra-low threshold pressure(57%reduction)as compared to *** proposed ITD achieves the conversion of weak mechanical stimuli into visible light and electrical signals simultaneously,without extra power ***,the relationship between the luminous performance of organic ML materials and mechanical force is quantified,benefiting from the uniform ML layer *** by convolutional neural networks,the high-accuracy recognition(97.1%)for handwriting and identity of users is realized at the same ***,the ITD has great potential for intelligent wearable electronics and classified military applications.

关键词： interactive media organic mechanoluminescence triboelectric nanogenerators

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Quaternary ammonium-functionalized polysilsesquioxanes for antifogging coating

RSC Applied Polymers

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RSC Applied Polymers 2024年第1期3卷 92-96页

作者： Hamada, Takashi Sugimoto, Tetsuya Tanaka, Arata Maeda, Tetsuya Katsura, Daiji Koga, Hiroyuki Ohshita, Joji Collaborative Research Laboratory Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan Quantum Materials and Applications Research Center Takasaki Institute for Advanced Quantum Science National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST) 1233 Watanuki-machi Takasaki Gunma 370-1292 Japan Technical Research Center Mazda Motor Corporation Aki-gun Hiroshima 730-8670 Japan Smart Innovation Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan Division of Materials Model-Based Research Digital Monozukuri (Manufacturing) Education and Research Center Hiroshima University 3-10-32 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-0046 Japan

Aiming to develop antifogging materials with enhanced antifogging properties and scratch resistance, polysilsesquioxane films containing quaternary ammonium groups were prepared via a sol-gel reaction and quaternization. Owing to their high water uptake, scratch hardness, and transparency, the prepared quaternary ammonium-functionalized polysilsesquioxane films are promising for application in antifogging coatings. © 2025 RSC.

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TreeXGNN: can gradient-boosted decision trees help boost heterogeneous graph neural networks?

TreeXGNN: can gradient-boosted decision trees help boost het...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Ming-Yi Hong Shih-Yen Chang Hao-Wei Hsu Yi-Hsiang Huang Chih-Yu Wang Che Lin Graduate Program of Data Science National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica Taiwan Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan

Graph neural networks are a promising deep learning method that can apply graph structures to various tasks. In real-world scenarios, we often have heterogeneous graphs, wherein different node and edge types capture complex interactions between nodes. High-dimensional node features provide rich information about the target nodes. Conventional heterogeneous graph neural networks (HGNN) focus more on graph structures than node features and may have difficulties extracting knowledge from complex node features. In this study, we propose a novel framework, the tree-boosted heterogeneous graph neural network abbreviated as TreeXGNN, which could efficiently and automatically extract target node features via gradient-boosted decision trees (GBDT). It integrates community structure information with proper fusion modules and a shared feature space design on HGNN. We achieved state-of-the-art performance on the three well-known heterogeneous graph benchmark datasets, IMDB, DBLP, and ACM, and significantly improved performance compared to previous studies. Our work paves the foundation for integrating tree-based models to boost HGNNs for general community analysis.

关键词： Training Knowledge engineering Deep learning Signal processing Feature extraction Graph neural networks Decision trees

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