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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Yuanwei Ouyang, Chongjun Ding, Zhiguo Schober, Robert The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering College of Engineering and Architecture University College Dublin DublinD04 V1W8 Ireland The School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom The Department of Computer and Information Engineering Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering The University of Manchester ManchesterM1 9BB United Kingdom The Institute for Digital Communications Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen91054 Germany

The evolution of wireless communications has been significantly influenced by remarkable advancements in multiple access (MA) technologies over the past five decades, shaping the landscape of modern connectivity. Within this context, a comprehensive tutorial review is presented, focusing on representative MA techniques developed over the past 50 years. The following areas are explored: i) The foundational principles and information-theoretic capacity limits of power-domain nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) are characterized, along with its extension to multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)NOMA. ii) Several MA transmission schemes exploiting the spatial domain are investigated, encompassing both conventional space-division multiple access (SDMA)/MIMO-NOMA systems and near-field MA systems utilizing spherical-wave propagation models. iii) The application of NOMA to integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) systems is studied. This includes an introduction to typical NOMA-based downlink/uplink ISAC frameworks, followed by an evaluation of their performance limits using a mutual information (MI)-based analytical framework. iv) Major issues and research opportunities associated with the integration of MA with other emerging technologies are identified to facilitate MA in next-generation networks, i.e., next-generation multiple access (NGMA). Throughout the paper, promising directions are highlighted to inspire future research endeavors in the realm of MA and NGMA. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Space division multiple access

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Advancing 3D Point Cloud Understanding through Deep Transfer Learning: A Comprehensive Survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sohail, Shahab Saquib Himeur, Yassine Kheddar, Hamza Amira, Abbes Fadli, Fodil Atalla, Shadi Copiaco, Abigail Mansoor, Wathiq School of Computing Science and Engineering VIT Bhopal University MP Sehore466114 India College of Engineering and Information Technology University of Dubai Dubai United Arab Emirates LSEA Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Medea 26000 Algeria Department of Computer Science University of Sharjah United Arab Emirates Institute of Artificial Intelligence De Montfort University Leicester United Kingdom Department of Architecture & Urban Planning Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar

The 3D point cloud (3DPC) has significantly evolved and benefited from the advance of deep learning (DL). However, the latter faces various issues, including the lack of data or annotated data, the existence of a significant gap between training data and test data, and the requirement for high computational resources. To that end, deep transfer learning (DTL), which decreases dependency and costs by utilizing knowledge gained from a source data/task in training a target data/task, has been widely investigated. Numerous DTL frameworks have been suggested for aligning point clouds obtained from several scans of the same scene. Additionally, DA, which is a subset of DTL, has been modified to enhance the point cloud data’s quality by dealing with noise and missing points. Ultimately, fine-tuning and DA approaches have demonstrated their effectiveness in addressing the distinct difficulties inherent in point cloud data. This paper presents the first review shedding light on this aspect. it provides a comprehensive overview of the latest techniques for understanding 3DPC using DTL and domain adaptation (DA). Accordingly, DTL’s background is first presented along with the datasets and evaluation metrics. A well-defined taxonomy is introduced, and detailed comparisons are presented, considering different aspects such as different knowledge transfer strategies, and performance. The paper covers various applications, such as 3DPC object detection, semantic labeling, segmentation, classification, registration, downsampling/upsampling, and denoising. Furthermore, the article discusses the advantages and limitations of the presented frameworks, identifies open challenges, and suggests potential research directions. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Object detection

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Tactile Network Resource Allocation enabled by Quantum Annealing based on ILP Modeling

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Witt, Arthur Körber, Christopher Kirstädter, Andreas Luu, Thomas Institute of Communication Networks and Computer Engineering University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany Institute of Theoretical Physics II Ruhr-University Bochum Bochum Germany Fraunhofer Research Institution for Energy Infrastructures and Geothermal Systems IEG Bochum Germany JARA HPC Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany

Agile networks with fast adaptation and reconfiguration capabilities are required for on-demand provisioning of various network services. We propose a new methodical framework for short-time network optimization based on quantum computing (QC) and integer linear program (ILP) models, which has the potential of realizing a real-time network automation. We define methods to map a nearly real-world ILP model for resource provisioning to a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problem, which is solvable on quantum annealer (QA). We concentrate on the three-node network to evaluate our approach and its obtainable quality of solution using the state-of-the-art quantum annealer D-Wave Advantage™ 5.2/5.3. By studying the annealing process, we find annealing configuration parameters that obtain feasible solutions close to the reference solution generated by the classical ILP-solver CPLEX. Further, we studied the scaling of the network problem and provide estimations on quantum annealer's hardware requirements to enable a proper QUBO problem embedding of larger networks. We achieved the QUBO embedding of networks with up to 6 nodes on the D-Wave Advantage™. According to our estimates a real-sized network with 12 to 16 nodes require a QA hardware with at least 50000 qubits or *** Codes 68Q12 (Primary) 68R05, 68R10 (Secondary) Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Non-Convex Potential Games for Finding Global Solutions to Sensor Network Localization

Non-Convex Potential Games for Finding Global Solutions to S...

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European Control Conference (ECC)

作者： Gehui Xu Guanpu Chen Yiguang Hong Baris Fidan Thomas Parisini Karl H. Johansson Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Beijing China Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Shanghai China Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London London UK Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Trieste Italy

ISBN: (数字)9783907144107

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540920

Sensor network localization (SNL) problems require determining the physical coordinates of all sensors in a network. This process relies on the global coordinates of anchors and the available measurements between non-anchor and anchor nodes. Attributed to the intrinsic non-convexity, obtaining a globally optimal solution to SNL is challenging, as well as implementing corresponding algorithms. In this paper, we formulate a non-convex multi-player potential game for a generic SNL problem to investigate the identification condition of the global Nash equilibrium (NE) therein, where the global NE represents the global solution of SNL. We employ canonical duality theory to transform the non-convex game into a complementary dual problem. Then we develop a conjugation-based algorithm to compute the stationary points of the complementary dual problem. On this basis, we show an identification condition of the global NE: the stationary point of the proposed algorithm satisfies a duality relation. Finally, simulation results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

关键词： Location awareness Coordinate measuring machines Simulation Current measurement Noise Europe Games

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An Efficient Active-Stress Electromechanical Isogeometric Shell for Muscular Thin Film Simulations

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Torre, Michele Morganti, Simone Nitti, Alessandro de Tullio, Marco Donato Kiendl, Josef Pasqualini, Francesco Silvio Reali, Alessandro Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Pavia via Ferrata 3 Pavia27100 Italy Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia via Ferrata 5 Pavia27100 Italy Department of Mechanics Mathematics and Management Polytechnic University of Bari Via Re David 200 Bari70125 Italy Institute of Engineering Mechanics and Structural Analysis Bundeswehr University Munich Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39 Neubiberg85577 Germany

We propose an isogeometric approach to model the deformation of active thin films using layered, nonlinear, Kirchhoff-Love shells. Isogeometric Collocation and Galerkin formulations are employed to discretize the electrophysiological and mechanical sub-problems, respectively, with the possibility to adopt differ- ent element and time-step sizes. Numerical tests illustrate the capabilities of the active-stress-based approach to effectively simulate the contraction of thin films in both quasi-static and dynamic conditions. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thin films

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Identifying common signatures and potential therapeutic biomarkers in COPD and lung cancer using miRNA-mRNA co-expression networks

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Informatics in Medicine Unlocked 2022年 34卷

作者： Fathinavid, Amirhossein Mousavian, Zaynab Najafi, Ali Nematzadeh, Sajjad Salimi, Mahdieh Masoudi-Nejad, Ali Department of Computer Engineering College of Engineering Hamedan Branch Islamic Azad University Hamedan Iran Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB) Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Computer Science School of Mathematics Statistics and Computer Science University of Tehran Tehran Iran Molecular Biology Research Center System Biology and Poisoning Institute Tehran Iran Computer Engineering Department Architecture and Engineering Faculty Nisantasi University Istanbul Turkey Department of Medical Genetics Institute of Medical Biotechnology National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB) Tehran Iran

The association between non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is now well established, as people with COPD are more likely to develop lung carcinoma. However, the evidence for this relationship is inconclusive and there is currently little information on the underlying molecular mechanisms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the regulatory factors in NSCLC and COPD that their functions are widely studied in many chronic diseases and cancers. In this study, we applied systems biology approaches to identify and predict miRNAs that potentially play regulatory roles between COPD and NSCLC. We performed differential expression analysis on public miRNA and mRNA expression datasets, for both of diseases, and then we reconstructed two miRNA-mRNA co-expression networks and merged these two co-expression networks into a community co-expression network. Results indicated the existence of very common miRNAs (ex. hsa-miR-326 and hsa-miR-1293) and mRNAs (such as FAT2, ALOX5AP, and LDB2) between the two mentioned diseases. Moreover, we discovered specific miRNAs (hsa-miR-574-3p) that targeted common mRNAs. We utilized drug-target interaction networks to identify candidate drugs for common mRNAs, which can be considered in the treatment of two diseases (e.g. iloperidone). Generally, our study highlighted common miRNAs between COPD and NSCLC that as new signatures or biomarkers for therapeutic purposes. Investigating the miRNA biomarkers in this study improves our understanding about the shared mechanisms between COPD and NSCLC. © 2022

关键词： Co-expression networks Community networks COPD miRNA-mRNA network Non-small cell lung cancer

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An efficient active-stress electromechanical isogeometric shell model for muscular thin film simulations

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

We propose an isogeometric approach to model the deformation of active thin films using layered, nonlinear, Kirchhoff–Love shells. Isogeometric Collocation and Galerkin formulations are employed to discretize the electrophysiological and mechanical sub-problems, respectively, with the possibility to adopt different element and time-step sizes. Numerical tests illustrate the capabilities of the active-stress-based approach to effectively simulate the contraction of thin films in both quasi-static and dynamic conditions. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Thin films

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Automatic facial expression recognition in an image sequence using conditional random field

Automatic facial expression recognition in an image sequence...

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International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics

作者： Mohamad Roshanzamir Mahdi Roshanzamir Abdolreza Mirzaei Mohammad Tayarani Darbandy Afshin Shoeibi Roohallah Alizadehsani Fahime Khozeimeh Abbas Khosravi Department of Computer Engineering Fasa University Fasa Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran School of Architecture Islamic Azad University Taft Taft Iran Internship in Health Data Analytics Program AI-enabled Processes (AIP) Research Centre Macquarie University Sydney Australia Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI) Deakin University Victoria Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350398830

Facial expression recognition is one of the fields that nowadays has attracted the attention of many researchers. It is possible to automate facial expression recognition using artificial intelligence methods. This will be of great help to researchers, especially in areas such as psychology. Automatic facial recognition can be derived from a static image of facial expression, but a better and more efficient way to do this is through a sequence of images. In this paper, a new method is proposed to automatically detect facial expressions from a sequence of images. Each sequence of facial images begins with a face neutral state and ends with one of the six main emotions. Motion vectors are extracted from the sequence using optical flow algorithm. These vectors are then used to train the conditional random field and finally to automatically determine the emotion. In this paper, in addition to the basic conditional random field, the hidden dynamic conditional random field is also investigated. Additionally, the effect of changing some parameters of these algorithms such as different optimization methods has been investigated. Given that a facial expression is recognized during a sequence of images, random field-based methods can be used for efficient classification of facial expressions reaching accuracy (more than 90%) competitive with the best existing methods for facial expression recognition.

关键词： Image recognition Mechatronics Face recognition Heuristic algorithms Psychology Optimization methods Feature extraction

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Unite! European university: Main difficulties regarding Flexible Study Pathways identified by Partners with Impact on Joint Programmes - Results of a survey across Europe 50

Unite! European University: Main difficulties regarding Flex...

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50th Annual Conference of the European Society for engineering Education, SEFI 2022

作者： Bossuyt, S. Brogueira, P. Castro, C. David, F. Dellabale, A. Freihöefer, J. Garcia, M.V. Gonçalves, I. Hack, J. Nordström, K. Simões, F. Simões, P. Department of Mechanical Engineering Aalto University Espoo Finland Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal Politecnico di Torino Torino Italy UGA Grenoble INP Grenoble France Technical University of Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Dept. of Computer Architecture UPC Barcelona Tech Barcelona Spain Institute of Environmental Planning Leibniz University Hanover Hanover Germany Aalto University Espoo Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9788412322262

The European Universities Initiative (EUI) promotes European values and identity and aims to revolutionise the quality and competitiveness of European Higher Education. As part of this effort, the university Network for Innovation, Technology and engineering (Unite!) is working on developing a Joint Program (JP) offer with embedded mobility and flexibility. To achieve this goal, we present in this paper the major challenges in implementing Flexible Study Pathways (FSP) at a transnational level identified in a survey conducted at the seven partner Universities of Unite!. The most desirable forms of flexibility regarding content of course/program were Elective Courses outside the domain and inside the degree of specialisation. Main difficulties identified by partners are related to academic calendars, time cost to organise FSP, legal matters, program agendas and ensuring the achievement of learning outcomes. The results of this analysis show possible directions for the development of a European degree, which will require effective communication and stakeholder coordination and engagement. © 2022 SEFI 2022 - 50th Annual Conference of the European Society for engineering Education, Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： engineering education

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From Code to Play: Benchmarking Program Search for Games Using Large Language Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Eberhardinger, Manuel Goodman, James Dockhorn, Alexander Perez-Liebana, Diego Gaina, Raluca D. Çakmak, Duygu Maghsudi, Setareh Lucas, Simon Institute of Applied AI Stuttgart Media University Nobelstr. 10 Stuttgart70569 Germany School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Institute for Information Processing Leibniz University Hannover Appelstr. 9A Hannover30167 Germany Creative Assembly HorshamRH12 1JW United Kingdom Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 Bochum44801 Germany

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in generating program code, opening exciting opportunities for applying program synthesis to games. In this work, we explore the potential of LLMs to directly synthesize usable code for a wide range of gaming applications, focusing on two programming languages, Python and Java. We use an evolutionary hill-climbing algorithm, where the mutations and seeds of the initial programs are controlled by LLMs. For Python, the framework covers various game-related tasks, including five miniature versions of Atari games, ten levels of Baba is You, an environment inspired by Asteroids, and a maze generation task. For Java, the framework contains 12 games from the TAG tabletop games framework. Across 29 tasks, we evaluated 12 language models for Python and 8 for Java. Our findings suggest that the performance of LLMs depends more on the task than on model size. While larger models generate more executable programs, these do not always result in higher-quality solutions but are much more expensive. No model has a clear advantage, although on any specific task, one model may be better. Trying many models on a problem and using the best results across them is more reliable than using just one. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Python

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