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A novel normalized versatile based innovative controller for nonlinear biological systems

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第11期84卷 8839-8867页

作者： Balasaheb, Wakchaure Vrushali Uttam, Chaskar Department of Instrumentation & Control Pravara Rural Engineering College Maharashtra Loni413736 India Department of Instrumentation & Control College of Engineering Pune Wellesely Rd Shivajinagar Maharashtra Pune411005 India

In biomedical applications, the regulation of biological systems that contain Genetic Regulatory Networks (GRNs), protein formation, and pancreas structure is crucial for maintaining health. Any significant deviations from the set values of these systems can lead to serious diseases and potentially death. Hence, there's a pressing need for effective control systems to manage and regulate these biological processes. Therefore, a novel control approach called Normalized Versatile Fuzzy Fractional-Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative (NV-FFOPID) based controller is suggested to address the challenges of regulating parameters within organic systems. This is designed to control the variables of biological systems like nutrient synthesis, pancreatic function, and GRNs within a Linear-Time Invariant (LTI) model. The stability of the proposed control system is analyzed using appropriate stability theories to ensure its robustness and reliability. To implement and validate the proposed approach, a nonlinear dynamic model of the organic system is developed using Simulink / MATLAB. The efficacy of the NV-FFOPID controller is evaluated by comparing it with numerous advanced control methods commonly taken in biomedical applications. Performance metrics such as convergence time, settling time, overshoot, rise time, and overall system error are used for comparison. The results indicate that the projected controller achieves steady-state conditions with minimal error of 1.2725% in the system. Additionally, it exhibits a lower settling time of 3.7 s, an overshoot having 0.5, a convergence time of 10 s, and a rise time of 1.985 s compared to alternative methods. These findings suggest that the developed NV-FFOPID controller effectively regulates parameter variations in biological systems, thereby offering significant advantages in addressing complex biomedical problems. The proposed approach holds promise for improving the management and control of crucial biological processes, con

关键词： controllers

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Determination of Optimal Checkpoint Intervals for Quintuple Modular Redundancy Real-Time Systems

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2025年第3期74卷 506-515页

作者： Kwak, Seong Woo Yang, Jung-Min School of Electronics Engineering Kyungpook National University Korea Republic of Dept. of Control and Instrumentation Engineering Pukyong National University Korea Republic of

The paper proposes a novel checkpoint management method for a real-time system with a quintuple modular redundancy (QMR) structure wherein multiple fault detections are performed between checkpoints. If the detected faults can be overcome within the context of the QMR structure, they are recovered by simply synchronizing the state values. Otherwise, the system rollbacks to the most recent checkpoint and re-executes the task to recover from the faults. The real-time system having the QMR structure and incorporating the proposed checkpoint scheme is modeled by a Markov chain. Based on the Markov chain model, a probability equation is derived to calculate the likelihood of completing the real-time task within the deadline. The optimal number of checkpoints and fault detections maximizing the probability value are also determined. Numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the optimization procedure of the real-time system with a QMR structure using the proposed checkpoint management method. Copyright © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers.

关键词： Markov processes

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Developing Efficient Temperature control for HERMS: A Study on P, P-Logic, PI, and PID controllers 4

Developing Efficient Temperature Control for HERMS: A Study ...

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4th International Symposium on instrumentation, control, Artificial Intelligence, and Robotics, ICA-SYMP 2025

作者： Subhagandha, Thanachok Boksuwan, Sungwan Instrumentation and Control Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505400

The Heat Exchange Recirculating Mash System (HERMS) is widely used in craft brewing to maintain precise temperature control during the mashing process, which is crucial for achieving optimal sugar extraction and mash efficiency. This study investigates the performance of four different temperature control strategies-P, P-logic, PI, and PID-in maintaining the desired mash temperature profile. The system was modeled using both First-Order Plus Delay (FOPD) and Second-Order Plus Delay (SOPD) models to optimize controller gains through Skogestad's method. Validation of the control strategies was conducted through simulations in MATLAB Simulink. The results showed that while P-logic control maintained stable temperature with 0% overshoot, PI and PID controllers achieved the same with only 30% input energy, compared to 100% used by P-logic. A real-world mashing is conducted with P-logic control. Wort quality was also assessed, with specific gravity, pH, and mash efficiency analyzed. This study highlights the trade-offs between control precision and energy consumption, providing valuable insights for improving HERMS system efficiency in both homebrewing and commercial applications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Three term control systems

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Machine Learning-Based Power Loss Analysis in Photovoltaic Systems 1

Machine Learning-Based Power Loss Analysis in Photovoltaic S...

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1st IEEE International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Developments in Electrical engineering, SSDEE 2025

作者： Tomar, Anuradha Kumar, Hritik Netaji Subhas University of Technology Department of Instrumentation & Control Engineering India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542108

This research estimates the power loss in photovoltaic (PV) systems through a Random Forest model by using 15-min interval data for two years (2021-2023) of operation from a university campus located in Delhi, India. Irradiance, temperature and the dust concentration were used in the analysis to calculate and estimate actual and theoretical potentials and power losses based on factual, modelled and theoretical determinations under Standard test conditions (STC). Seasonal changes are of particular interest and therefore, the power loss is to be analyzed based on three power quality reports obtained over three different seasons in 2023. The results of the model show the Mean absolute error (MAE) to be 29.145 W along with Root mean square error (RMSE) to be 57.72 W. Interactions with power loss observed seasonally proved to have variations in dust and power loss, temperature, and so on;all of which confirmed the effectiveness of Random Forest model in providing valuable predictions of season-sensitive data. These results would be significant to enhance the efficiency of the PV system and how energy technologies for dusty areas should be designed. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Mean square error

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Design of Double-Loop Current Transformer Based on Magnetic Field Incomplete Cancellation

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2025年第2期11卷 772-782页

作者： Wenbo Li Xiaojun Tang Youshui Lu Ling Yan Yi Wu Mingzhe Rong Department of Measurement and Control Technology&Instrumentation School of Electrical EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710000China State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation&Power Equipment School of Electrical EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710000China

Electromagnetic current transformer is one of the important pieces of equipment used in AC power system measurement. Due to continuous improvement of current level to be measured in the power system, ordinary single-loop magnetic core structure cannot meet industrial needs of wide measuring range with high accuracy, while it even has a magnetic saturation problem when measured current is reaching the limit. Most existing methods expand measuring range and increase antisaturation ability of the magnetic core by either opening an air gap in the magnetic core or increasing number of turns of primary and secondary windings, but it will bring additional problems such as volume and heat dissipation of the transformer. To solve such issues, in this paper, we proposed a magnetic core structure of double-loop current transformer based on incomplete magnetic field cancellation principle. Calculation formula of air gap size and theoretical error are analyzed. We provide a theo-retical analysis of working characteristics, amplitude error and phase error throughout a three-dimensional simulation model of transformer. In addition, we evaluate performance through a series of comparison experiments. Results demonstrate our double-loop current transformer can maintain good linear relationship between primary and secondary current while ensuring measurement accuracy at 0.2 level. With the same volume, it has a wider range of rated current measurements and a certain anti-saturation ability.

关键词： Current difference coefficient double-loop core incomplete magneticfield cancellation

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Identification of Fiber Type Proportions in Gastrocnemius Lateralis and Soleus Muscles Using Surface EMG Signals and Concentration Measure Derived From Rihaczek Distribution

Identification of Fiber Type Proportions in Gastrocnemius La...

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2025 International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Intelligent Systems, ETIS 2025

作者： Nair, Remya R Sidharth, N. Venugopal, G. Biomedical Instrumentation and Signal Processing Lab Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Kerala Palakkad India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kerala Palakkad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507541

Fiber type proportion influences the fatigue characteristics and force production in skeletal muscles. In this study, surface electromyography signals and concentration measure derived from Rihaczek distribution are used to identify the fiber type proportions in gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) and soleus (SOL) muscles. Signals are acquired using standard protocols until the subjects experience muscle fatigue and are processed using Rihaczek distribution. Further, a comparative study is performed to analyze the advantages of energy-based features over complexity, statistical, and spectral frequency-based features in analyzing the fiber type proportions. Features such as renyi information, spectral skewness, spectral flatness, and peak frequency are also extracted from the distributions of non-fatigue (NF) and fatigue (F) segments. Results indicate that the extracted features showed a decrease during fatigue in the signals of GL and an increase in the case of SOL, reflecting their distinct fiber composition. The highest statistical significance of p equal to 4.26E-05 and 6.47E-05 respectively is obtained using concentration measure for differentiating the signals of GL and SOL during NF and F states. The lowest significance is observed for renyi information in discriminating the signals. The energy-based features like concentration measure and spectral flatness are found highly sensitive to fiber-type variations compared to other features considered in this study. Thus, the proposed method using Rihaczek distribution is found suitable for identifying the fiber type differences among GL and SOL. This approach may be utilized for identifying the fiber typology in different skeletal muscles which finds application in sports science. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Creatinine

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Model-Free Predictive control in Anaerobic Digestion Wastewater Treatment

Model-Free Predictive Control in Anaerobic Digestion Wastewa...

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2025 SICE International Symposium on control Systems, SICE ISCS 2025

作者： Pratvittaya, Jiravit King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Department of Control Systems and Instrumentation Engineering Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9784907764852

Anaerobic digestion is a wastewater treatment method that utilizes bacterial decomposition to convert organic matter into biogas, which provides both environmental and economic benefits. However, controlling biogas production in anaerobic digestion systems poses significant challenges due to the complexity and non-linearity of the digestion process. This study explores the application of model-free predictive control for anaerobic digestion systems, utilizing only inputoutput data without using mathematical models as in conventional control approaches. Previous research has demonstrated the applicability of this approach for nonlinear systems, particularly in multi-input, multi-output nonlinear systems. In this study extends the methodology to controlling in methane production of anaerobic digestion systems, evaluating its effectiveness through numerical simulations. © 2025 The Society of Instrument and control Engineers.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion

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Introduction to a motion control algorithm for the autonomous 4-wheel steering vehicle

Introduction to a motion control algorithm for the autonomou...

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2025 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration, SII 2025

作者： Cho, Yongseong Noh, Kangmin Lee, Eunchan Jeong, Hyunhwan Korea University Department of Control and Instrumentation Engineering 2522 Sejong-ro Sejong City Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531614

This paper introduces a motion control algorithm for an autonomous four-wheel steering(4WS) vehicle system, which independently controls the steering angles of the front and rear wheels. This capability allows for three distinct driving modes: front steering mode, crab steering mode, and symmetrical steering mode. The proposed algorithm effectively uses these modes to achieve precise maneuverability, facilitating accurate navigation toward the target location. We conducted a kinematic analysis of the four-wheel steering vehicle, with a focus on its motion characteristics. A simple motion control law is developed using the kinematic analysis and the steering mode transition of the 4WS vehicle. To validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, initial numerical simulation results are presented. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Four wheel steering

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IMC Based PID controller for Spherical Tank Liquid Level control 1

IMC Based PID Controller for Spherical Tank Liquid Level Con...

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1st International Conference on AIML-Applications for engineering and Technology, ICAET 2025

作者： Kadu, C.B. Bhosale, V.P. Vikhe, P.S. Mandhare, V.V. Pravara Rural Engineering College Department of Instrumentation & Control Engineering Loni India Pravara Rural Engineering College Department of Computer Engineering Loni India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355611

In the process industries, it's hard to control a non-linear process. Nonlinear behavior is frequently seen in real processes. The challenging problem of controlling a spherical tank is result of its nonlinearity caused by the continuously varying cross section. An IMC-based PID controller is employed to improve efficiency of controlling the level of spherical tanks which exhibit nonlinear dynamics. For processes up to second-order with dead time and first-order numerator dynamics, a single tuning parameter will be offered. The process model is determined employing mathematical modeling and standard step response-based system identification. The laboratory model of an interacting and non-interacting nonlinear system is introduced, which is capable of performing more complex tasks. To verify the effectiveness of the suggested IMC based PID controller, results of real-time experiments and a simulation study on spherical tank level control are incorporated. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Three term control systems

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Effect of Time and Frequency Windows in Analyzing the Muscle Typology of Adductor Pollicis and Triceps Brachii Muscles Using Surface EMG Signals and Smoothed Pseudo-Wigner-Ville Distribution

Effect of Time and Frequency Windows in Analyzing the Muscle...

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2025 International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Intelligent Systems, ETIS 2025

作者： Sidharth, N. Nair, Remya R Venugopal, G. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kerala Palakkad India Ieee Biomedical Instrumentation and Signal Processing Lab Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Kerala Palakkad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507541

The selection of time and frequency windows is having a significant impact on the time-frequency (TF) resolution and interference suppression of smoothed pseudo-Wigner-Ville distribution (SPWVD). In this study, the effect of time and frequency windows in demonstrating the fiber type differences among adductor pollicis (AP) and triceps brachii (TB) muscles is investigated using surface electromyography signals and SPWVD-derived features. The first and last two seconds of the pre-processed signals are considered non-fatigue (NF) and fatigue (FT) segments, respectively. The median frequency (MDF) and mean power of the TF spectrum (MPS) are extracted from the obtained spectra. The statistical significance of SPWVD-derived features in differentiating the signals of AP and TB during NF and FT states are evaluated for different time and frequency windows, using the Mann-Whitney test. Results indicate that the frequency-based feature showed greater statistical significance compared to the energy-based feature for all the different time and frequency window lengths taken. MDF is found to decrease for both muscles, whereas MPS increases for TB and decreases in the case of AP. The highest significant value of 5.39E-27 is observed for MDF with time and frequency window length of 201 and 2001, respectively, for differentiating the signals during the fatigue state. Moreover, all the extracted features showed high statistical significance with p © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Wigner-Ville distribution

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