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P3DC:Reducing DRAM Cache Hit Latency by Hybrid Mappings

Journal of computer Science & Technology 2024年第6期39卷 1341-1360页

作者： Ye Chi Ren-Tong Guo Xiao-Fei Liao Hai-Kun Liu Jianhui Yue National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Wuhan 430074China Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Wuhan 430074China Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory Wuhan 430074China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118China Department of Computer Science Michigan Technological UniversityHoughton 49931-1295U.S.A.

Die-stacked dynamic random access memory(DRAM)caches are increasingly advocated to bridge the performance gap between the on-chip cache and the main *** fully realize their potential,it is essential to improve DRAM cache hit rate and lower its cache hit *** order to take advantage of the high hit-rate of set-association and the low hit latency of direct-mapping at the same time,we propose a partial direct-mapped die-stacked DRAM cache called *** design is motivated by a key observation,i.e.,applying a unified mapping policy to different types of blocks cannot achieve a high cache hit rate and low hit latency *** address this problem,P3DC classifies data blocks into leading blocks and following blocks,and places them at static positions and dynamic positions,respectively,in a unified set-associative *** also propose a replacement policy to balance the miss penalty and the temporal locality of different *** addition,P3DC provides a policy to mitigate cache thrashing due to block type *** results demonstrate that P3DC can reduce the cache hit latency by 20.5%while achieving a similar cache hit rate compared with typical set-associative caches.P3DC improves the instructions per cycle(IPC)by up to 66%(12%on average)compared with the state-of-the-art direct-mapped cache—BEAR,and by up to 19%(6%on average)compared with the tag-data decoupled set-associative cache—DEC-A8.

关键词： die-stacked dynamic random access memory(DRAM) cache set-associative direct-mapped hit latency

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rafPS:A shapley-based visual analytics approach to interpret traffic

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第6期10卷 1101-1119页

作者： Zezheng Feng Yifan Jiang Hongjun Wang Zipei Fan Yuxin Ma Shuang-Hua Yang Huamin Qu Xuan Song Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 18055China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Computer Science University of ReadingBerkshire RG66AHUK Center for Spatial Information Science the University of TokyoTokyo 113-00331Japan Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Safety and Security for Next Generation of Industrial Internet Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Recent achievements in deep learning(DL)have demonstrated its potential in predicting traffic *** predictions are beneficial for understanding the situation and making traffic control ***,most state-of-the-art DL models are consi-dered“black boxes”with little to no transparency of the underlying mechanisms for end *** previous studies attempted to“open the black box”and increase the interpretability of generated ***,handling complex models on large-scale spatiotemporal data and discovering salient spatial and temporal patterns that significantly influence traffic flow remain *** overcome these challenges,we present TrafPS,a visual analytics approach for interpreting traffic prediction outcomes to support decision-making in traffic management and urban *** measurements region SHAP and trajectory SHAP are proposed to quantify the impact of flow patterns on urban traffic at different *** on the task requirements from domain experts,we employed an interactive visual interface for the multi-aspect exploration and analysis of significant flow *** real-world case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of TrafPS in identifying key routes and providing decision-making support for urban planning.

关键词： data visualization model interpretation urban planning urban visual analytics

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Prediction of miRNA family based on class-incremental learning

Prediction of miRNA family based on class-incremental learni...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Liu, Yajun Qiu, Lulu Li, Aimin Fei, Rong Li, Junhuai Wu, Fang-Xiang Xi'an University of Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Network Computing and Security Technology Xi'an China Division of Biomedical Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Computer Science Saskatoon Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

With the development of deep sequencing, recent studies indicate that a miRNA precursor can generate multiple miRNA isoforms (isomiRs). The family prediction of canonical miRNAs and isomiRs could provide a basis for miRNA functional research. In this study, we propose a novel method for family identification of canonical miRNA and isomiRs based on incremental learning. First, a benchmark dataset is constructed by processing data based on miRNA sequences and their family annotation. Moreover, sequence embedding and RNN are used for capturing essential features and inherent dependencies within a sequence. Finally, incremental learning is applied to accommodate the continuous influx of miRNA sequencing data, enabling RNN to stay relevant and effective over time. Comparative experiments and ablation studies illustrate the effectiveness of our model, which can help to comprehensively understand miRNA's function. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Detecting Double Mixed Compressed Images Based on Quaternion Convolutional Neural Network

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第3期33卷 657-671页

作者： Hao WANG Jinwei WANG Xuelong HU Bingtao HU Qilin YIN Xiangyang LUO Bin MA Jinsheng SUN Department of Automation Nanjing University of Science and Technology Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Ministry of Education Department of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Management Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Computer Science and Engineering Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Qilu University of Technology

Detection of color images that have undergone double compression is a critical aspect of digital image *** the existence of various methods capable of detecting double Joint Photographic Experts Group(JPEG) compression,they are unable to address the issue of mixed double compression resulting from the use of different compression *** particular,the implementation of Joint Photographic Experts Group 2000(JPEG2000)as the secondary compression standard can result in a decline or complete loss of performance in existing *** tackle this challenge of JPEG+JPEG2000 compression,a detection method based on quaternion convolutional neural networks(QCNN) is *** QCNN processes the data as a quaternion,transforming the components of a traditional convolutional neural network(CNN) into a quaternion *** relationships between the color channels of the image are preserved,and the utilization of color information is ***,the method includes a feature conversion module that converts the extracted features into quaternion statistical features,thereby amplifying the evidence of double *** results indicate that the proposed QCNN-based method improves,on average,by 27% compared to existing methods in the detection of JPEG+JPEG2000 compression.

关键词： Color image forensics JPEG JPEG2000 Mixed double compression Quaternion convolutional neural network

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HoLens:A visual analytics design for higher-order movement modeling and visualization

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第6期10卷 1079-1100页

作者： Zezheng Feng Fang Zhu Hongjun Wang Jianing Hao Shuang-Hua Yang Wei Zeng Huamin Qu Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Thrust of Computational Media and Arts(CMA) The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 511458China Department of Computer Science University of ReadingBerkshire RG66AHUK Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Safety and Security for Next Generation of Industrial Internet Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Higher-order patterns reveal sequential multistep state transitions,which are usually superior to origin-destination analyses that depict only first-order geospatial movement *** methods for higher-order movement modeling first construct a directed acyclic graph(DAG)of movements and then extract higher-order patterns from the ***,DAG-based methods rely heavily on identifying movement keypoints,which are challenging for sparse movements and fail to consider the temporal variants critical for movements in urban *** overcome these limitations,we propose HoLens,a novel approach for modeling and visualizing higher-order movement patterns in the context of an urban *** mainly makes twofold contributions:First,we designed an auto-adaptive movement aggregation algorithm that self-organizes movements hierarchically by considering spatial proximity,contextual information,and tem-poral ***,we developed an interactive visual analytics interface comprising well-established visualization techniques,including the H-Flow for visualizing the higher-order patterns on the map and the higher-order state sequence chart for representing the higher-order state *** real-world case studies demonstrate that the method can adaptively aggregate data and exhibit the process of exploring higher-order patterns using *** also demonstrate the feasibility,usability,and effectiveness of our approach through expert interviews with three domain experts.

关键词： data visualization movement modeling state sequence visualization movement visualization urban visual analytics

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A novel medical image data protection scheme for smart healthcare system

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 821-836页

作者： Mujeeb Ur Rehman Arslan Shafique Muhammad Shahbaz Khan Maha Driss Wadii Boulila Yazeed Yasin Ghadi Suresh Babu Changalasetty Majed Alhaisoni Jawad Ahmad School of Computer Science and Informatics Cyber Technology InstituteDe Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK Department of Biomedical Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgowUK School of Computing Engineering and the Built EnvironmentEdinburgh Napier UniversityEdinburghUK Robotics and Internet‐of‐Things Laboratory Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Al Ain UniversityAl AinUnited Arab Emirates Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Computer Sciences Department College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

The internet of Multimedia Things(IoMT)refers to a network of interconnected multimedia devices that communicate with each other over the ***,smart healthcare has emerged as a significant application of the IoMT,particularly in the context of knowledge‐based learning *** healthcare systems leverage knowledge‐based learning to become more context‐aware,adaptable,and auditable while maintain-ing the ability to learn from historical *** smart healthcare systems,devices capture images,such as X‐rays,Magnetic Resonance *** security and integrity of these images are crucial for the databases used in knowledge‐based learning systems to foster structured decision‐making and enhance the learning abilities of ***,in knowledge‐driven systems,the storage and transmission of HD medical images exert a burden on the limited bandwidth of the communication channel,leading to data trans-mission *** address the security and latency concerns,this paper presents a lightweight medical image encryption scheme utilising bit‐plane decomposition and chaos *** results of the experiment yield entropy,energy,and correlation values of 7.999,0.0156,and 0.0001,*** validates the effectiveness of the encryption system proposed in this paper,which offers high‐quality encryption,a large key space,key sensitivity,and resistance to statistical attacks.

关键词： data analysis medical image processing security

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Optimizing Medical Imaging: High-Performance Hardware for Image Processing, Machine Learning 24

Optimizing Medical Imaging: High-Performance Hardware for Im...

引用

7th International Conference on Digital Medicine and Image Processing, DMIP 2024

作者： Kalyan Chakravarthy, N.S. Balapanur, Mouli Chandra Pandian, Arun Nambi Pulikanti, Jyothi Prasad, D. Syed Masood, Jafar Ali Ibrahim High-Performance Computing Research Laboratory QIS College of Engineering and Technology Andhra Pradesh Ongole India Department of Internet of Things School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709586

The demand for high-performance hardware solutions for machine learning tasks is growing as medical imaging evolves. In this paper, we will focus on the latest hardware advanced technologies: GPUs, TPUs and FPGAs that can be used for image processing optimization in medical imaging such as brain tumor segmentation or chest X-ray classification. We test these devices on the BraTS and ChestX-ray14 datasets to show how running models quicker increases diagnostic performance. The study offers a comprehensive performance and energy efficiency evaluation of all the considered hardware solutions when training deep learning models for medical imaging, providing clinical guidelines to choose appropriate new-generation accelerators before engaging in expensive leasing contracts. Copyright © 2024 held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： GPUS

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Digital Twins and Cyber-Physical Systems:A New Frontier in computer Modeling

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2025年第4期143卷 51-113页

作者： Vidyalakshmi G S Gopikrishnan Wadii Boulila Anis Koubaa Gautam Srivastava Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM University APAmaravati522240India School of Computer Science and Engineering VIT-AP UniversityAmaravathi522240India Robotics and Internet-of-Things Laboratory Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh12435Saudi Arabia Department of Math and Computer Science Brandon UniversityBrandonMB R7A6A9Canada Research Centre for Interneural Computing China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan

Cyber-Physical Systems(CPS)represent an integration of computational and physical elements,revolutionizing industries by enabling real-time monitoring,control,and optimization.A complementary technology,Digital Twin(DT),acts as a virtual replica of physical assets or processes,facilitating better decision making through simulations and predictive *** and DT underpin the evolution of Industry 4.0 by bridging the physical and digital *** survey explores their synergy,highlighting how DT enriches CPS with dynamic modeling,realtime data integration,and advanced simulation *** layered architecture of DTs within CPS is examined,showcasing the enabling technologies and tools vital for seamless *** study addresses key challenges in CPS modeling,such as concurrency and communication,and underscores the importance of DT in overcoming these *** in various sectors are analyzed,including smart manufacturing,healthcare,and urban planning,emphasizing the transformative potential of CPS-DT *** addition,the review identifies gaps in existing methodologies and proposes future research directions to develop comprehensive,scalable,and secure CPSDT *** synthesizing insights fromthe current literature and presenting a taxonomy of CPS and DT,this survey serves as a foundational reference for academics and *** findings stress the need for unified frameworks that align CPS and DT with emerging technologies,fostering innovation and efficiency in the digital transformation era.

关键词： Cyber physical systems digital twin efficiency Industry 4.0 robustness and intelligence

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Joint Optimization of Compression, Transmission and Computation for Cooperative Perception Aided Intelligent Vehicular Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8201-8214页

作者： Lu, Binbin Huang, Xumin Wu, Yuan Qian, Liping Zhou, Sheng Niyato, Dusit University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Computer and Information Science Macau China Guangdong University of Technology School of Automation Guangzhou510006 China University of Macau State Key Lab of Internet of Things for Smart City Macau China University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Computer Information Science Macau China Zhuhai UM Science and Technology AQ2 Research Institute Zhuhai519301 China Zhejiang University of Technology Institute of Cyberspace Security Hangzhou310023 China Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Singapore

Cooperative perception is a promising paradigm to tackle the perception limitations of a single intelligent vehicle (IV) to enhance the driving safety and efficiency in intelligent vehicular networks. However, the real-time transmission and computation-intensive fusion of raw sensing data raise new challenges for satisfying the stringent delay requirement of delay-sensitive applications. In this paper, we formulate a joint optimization problem of the cooperative IV selection, compression ratio selection, transmit power control, task offloading decision and computation allocation to minimize the end-to-end delay consisting of compression, transmission and computation. In particular, to meet the perception probability requirement, the quality and quantity-aware matching algorithm is proposed to optimize the cooperative IV selection. To guarantee the queue stability of offloading tasks, we develop the Lyapunov optimization algorithm to determine the upper bound of the offloading tasks and the corresponding optimal computation allocation. The Lyapunov aided deep reinforcement learning algorithm is further proposed to dynamically adjust the task offloading decision and compression ratio selection to minimize the end-to-end delay with the transmit power control being optimized by the successive convex approximation algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to several benchmark algorithms, our proposed algorithm achieves the lowest end-to-end delay while guaranteeing the requirements on perception probability and queue stability effectively. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Less Traces Are All It Takes: Efficient Side-Channel Analysis on AES

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IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2024年第6期44卷 2080-2092页

作者： Xiao, Zhiyuan Wang, Chen Shen, Jian Wu, Q. M. Jonathan He, Debiao Zhejiang Sci-Tech University School of Information Science and Engineering School of Cyber Science and Technology the Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Fashion and Data Governance Zhejiang Provincial International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on Cloud Computing Security and Data Aggregation Hangzhou310018 China University of Windsor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WindsorON Canada Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Computer School Wuhan430072 China

In cryptography, side-channel analysis (SCA) is a technique used to recover cryptographic keys by examining the physical leakages that occur during the operation of cryptographic devices. Recent advancements in Deep Learning (DL) have greatly enhanced the extraction of crucial information from intricate leakage patterns. A considerable amount of research is dedicated to studying the SubByte (SB) operations of the advanced encryption standard (AES). This is because the SB process, which generates numerous transitions between 0s and 1s during encryption, results in significant energy leakage. However, traditional analysis models primarily focus on the initial round of SB operations in AES, which are less effective on mobile terminals where it is difficult to collect enough signals. These models often neglect additional operations and subsequent rounds, thus providing limited insights from small datasets. Consequently, this limitation has a direct impact on the accuracy and efficiency of key recovery. Our study uses ρ-test analysis to show that significant leakage occurs not only during the S-box operation but also during the AddRoundKey (AR) phase of AES. To address these challenges, we propose a new SCA method that is optimized for small sample sizes. This method includes a new comprehensive round trace labeling algorithm, which simultaneously analyzes the SB and AR stages of each AES round. Additionally, we introduce the peak precise localization algorithm to accurately identify the points of energy leakage during each encryption round. Our experiments, conducted with power and Electromagnetic (EM) datasets from the STM32F303 microcontroller, demonstrate that our method can reliably recover keys with as few as 20 traces. These results highlight the enhanced capability of our method in handling the complexities of small sample datasets in cryptographic analysis. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Information leakage

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