Citing comprehensively and appropriately has become a challenging task with the explosive growth of scientific publications. Current citation recommendation systems aim to recommend a list of scientific papers for a g...
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This paper discusses the data-driven design of linear quadratic regulators,i.e.,to obtain the regulators directly from experimental data without using the models of *** particular,we aim to improve an existing design ...
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This paper discusses the data-driven design of linear quadratic regulators,i.e.,to obtain the regulators directly from experimental data without using the models of *** particular,we aim to improve an existing design method by reducing the amount of the required experimental *** the data amount leads to the cost reduction of experiments and computation for the data-driven *** present a simplified version of the existing method,where parameters yielding the gain of the regulator are estimated from only part of the data required in the existing *** then show that the data amount required in the presented method is less than half of that in the existing method under certain *** addition,assuming the presence of measurement noise,we analyze the relations between the expectations and variances of the estimated parameters and the *** a result,it is shown that using a larger amount of the experimental data might mitigate the effects of the noise on the estimated *** results are verified by numerical examples.
RE-containing magnesium alloys were prepared via molten-salt-mediated magnesiothermic reduction by using RE_(2)O_(3)(RE=Y,Nd and Gd)and Mg metal as raw *** thermomechanical analysis of the magnesiothermic reduction re...
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RE-containing magnesium alloys were prepared via molten-salt-mediated magnesiothermic reduction by using RE_(2)O_(3)(RE=Y,Nd and Gd)and Mg metal as raw *** thermomechanical analysis of the magnesiothermic reduction reactions in molten salt was *** the molten-salt-mediated magnesiothermic reduction process was studied from three different *** that,the RE-containing magnesium alloy was characterized by using chemical analysis,XRD analysis and SEM *** magnesiothermic reduction was a liquid-liquid reaction with relatively weak driving *** the melting process and the magnesiothermic reduction process,magnesium metal and the obtained alloy went up and down as a whole in molten salt,which improved the process safety without introducing chloride ***,the hydrolysis of the RECl_(3^(-))containing molten salt occurred at elevated temperature,which severely impeded the magnesiothermic reduction *** the magnesiothermic reduction at 750°C for 2.0 h,the content of RE and the common impurity elements in the obtained RE-containing alloy met the both requirements of the commercial WE43A and WE43B.
THE development of agriculture faces significant challenges due to population growth, climate change, land depletion, and environmental pollution, threatening global food security [1]. This necessitates the developmen...
THE development of agriculture faces significant challenges due to population growth, climate change, land depletion, and environmental pollution, threatening global food security [1]. This necessitates the development of sustainable agriculture, where a fundamental step is crop breeding to improve agronomic or economic traits, e.g., increasing yields of crops while decreasing resource usage and minimizing pollution to the environment [2].
Due to scale effects,micromechanical resonators offer an excellent platform for investigating the intrinsic mechanisms of nonlinear dynamical phenomena and their potential *** review focuses on mode-coupled micromecha...
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Due to scale effects,micromechanical resonators offer an excellent platform for investigating the intrinsic mechanisms of nonlinear dynamical phenomena and their potential *** review focuses on mode-coupled micromechanical resonators,highlighting the latest advancements in four key areas:internal resonance,synchronization,frequency combs,and mode *** origin,development,and potential applications of each of these dynamic phenomena within mode-coupled micromechanical systems are investigated,with the goal of inspiring new ideas and directions for researchers in this field.
Despite being one of the oldest and most widely-used turbulence models in engineering computational fluid dynamics(CFD),the k-ωmodel has not been fully understood theoretically because of its high nonlinearity and co...
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Despite being one of the oldest and most widely-used turbulence models in engineering computational fluid dynamics(CFD),the k-ωmodel has not been fully understood theoretically because of its high nonlinearity and complex model parameter ***,a multi-layer analytic expression is postulated for two lengths(stress and kinetic energy lengths),yielding an analytic solution for the k-ωmodel equations in pipe *** local balance equations are analyzed to determine the key parameters in the solution,which are shown to be rather close to the empirically-measured values from the numerical solution of the Wilcox k-ωmodel,and hence the analytic construction is fully *** results provide clear evidence that the k-ωmodel sets in it a multilayer structure,which is similar to but different,in some insignificant details,from the Navier-Stokes(N-S)*** finding explains why the k-ωmodel is so popular,especially in computing the near-wall ***,the analysis is extended to a newlyrefined k-ωmodel called the structural ensemble dynamics(SED)k-ωmodel,showing that the SED k-ωmodel has improved the multi-layer structure in the outer flow but preserved the setting of the k-ωmodel in the inner region.
Fixed-time synchronization(FTS)of delayed memristor-based neural networks(MNNs)with discontinuous activations is studied in this *** continuous and discontinuous activations are considered *** the mixed delays which a...
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Fixed-time synchronization(FTS)of delayed memristor-based neural networks(MNNs)with discontinuous activations is studied in this *** continuous and discontinuous activations are considered *** the mixed delays which are closer to reality are taken into the ***,two kinds of control schemes are proposed,including feedback and adaptive control *** on some lemmas,mathematical inequalities and the designed controllers,a few synchronization criteria are ***,the upper bound of settling time(ST)which is independent of the initial values is ***,the feasibility of our theory is attested by simulation examples.
Leighton Chajnantor Telescope(LCT), i.e., the former Caltech Submillimeter Observatory telescope, will be refurbished at the new site in Chajnantor Plateau, Chile in 2023. The environment of LCT will change significan...
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Leighton Chajnantor Telescope(LCT), i.e., the former Caltech Submillimeter Observatory telescope, will be refurbished at the new site in Chajnantor Plateau, Chile in 2023. The environment of LCT will change significantly after its relocation, and the telescope will be exposed to large wind disturbances directly because its enclosure will be completely open during observation. The wind disturbance is expected to be a challenge for LCT's pointing control since the existing control method cannot reject this disturbance very well. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a new pointing control method with good capability of disturbance rejection. In this research, a disturbance observer—based composite position controller(DOB-CPC) is designed, in which an H∞feedback controller is employed to compress the disturbance, and a feedforward linear quadratic regulator is employed to compensate the disturbance precisely based on the estimated disturbance signal. Moreover, a controller switching policy is adopted, which applies the proportional controller to the transient process to achieve a quick response and applies the DOB-CPC to the steady state to achieve a small position error. Numerical experiments are conducted to verify the good performance of the proposed pointing controller(i.e., DOB-CPC) for rejecting the disturbance acting on LCT.
The catalyst layers(CLs) electrode is the key component of the membrane electrode assembly(MEA) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs). Conventional electrodes for PEMFCs are composed of carbon-supported, iono...
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The catalyst layers(CLs) electrode is the key component of the membrane electrode assembly(MEA) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs). Conventional electrodes for PEMFCs are composed of carbon-supported, ionomer, and Pt nanoparticles, all immersed together and sprayed with a micron-level thickness of CLs. They have a performance trade-off where increasing the Pt loading leads to higher performance of abundant triple-phase boundary areas but increases the electrode cost. Major challenges must be overcome before realizing its wide commercialization. Literature research revealed that it is impossible to achieve performance and durability targets with only high-performance catalysts, so the controllable design of CLs architecture in MEAs for PEMFCs must now be the top priority to meet industry goals. From this perspective, a 3D ordered electrode circumvents this issue with a support-free architecture and ultrathin thickness while reducing noble metal Pt loadings. Herein, we discuss the motivation in-depth and summarize the necessary CLs structural features for designing ultralow Pt loading electrodes. Critical issues that remain in progress for 3D ordered CLs must be studied and characterized. Furthermore, approaches for 3D ordered CLs architecture electrode development, involving material design, structure optimization, preparation technology, and characterization techniques, are summarized and are expected to be next-generation CLs for PEMFCs. Finally, the review concludes with perspectives on possible research directions of CL architecture to address the significant challenges in the future.
Monolithic aerogels are promising candidates for use in atmospheric environmental purification due to their structural advantages,such as fine building block size together with high specific surface area,abundant pore...
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Monolithic aerogels are promising candidates for use in atmospheric environmental purification due to their structural advantages,such as fine building block size together with high specific surface area,abundant pore structure,***,monolithic aerogels possess a unique monolithic macrostructure that sets them apart from aerogel powders and nanoparticles in practical environmental clean-up *** review delves into the available synthesis strategies and atmospheric environmental applications of monolithic aerogels,covering types of monolithic aerogels including SiO_(2),graphene,metal oxides and their combinations,along with their preparation *** particular,recent developments for VOC adsorption,CO_(2)capture,catalytic oxidation of VOCs and catalytic reduction of CO_(2)are ***,challenges and future opportunities for monolithic aerogels in the atmospheric environmental purification field are *** reviewprovides valuable insights for designing and utilizing monolithic aerogel-based functional materials.
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