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SSRN 2024年

作者： Jia, Zhenyu Cao, Zeping Yin, Jiawei Wu, Lin Wei, Ning Zhang, Yanjie Jiang, Zhiwen Zhang, Qijun Mao, Hongjun Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin300071 China Jinchuan Group Information and Automation Engineering Co. Ltd. Jinchang737100 China Tianjin Youmei Environment Technology Ltd. Tianjin300380 China

Vehicle electrification is an important approach worldwide for energy saving and emission reduction. However, the absence of a unified assessment method complicates the accurate quantification of energy consumption benefits from Electric Vehicles (EVs), including Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) and Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs). To address this issue, the study introduces a framework for evaluating these benefits across regions based on driving cycle (DC) database and machine learning method. Tianjin and Xining, two typical cities, were used as case studies. The DC databases were iteratively generated using a 3-D Markov chain method, capturing the main driving characteristics of two cities. Energy consumption models for Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEVs), BEVs, and PHEVs achieved R2 of 0.92, 0.83, and 0.74 on the test set, respectively. The results show that EVs can achieve energy consumption benefits ranging from 16.4 % to 77.8 %. Promoting EVs in both cities yields significant energy efficiency benefits, with BEVs offering more in Tianjin, while PHEVs offer greater benefits in Xining. The model interpretation indicates that the difference stems from Tianjin's more frequent and intense deceleration and Xining's more varied terrain. The framework standardizes energy consumption assessment across vehicle types, aiding policymakers in crafting regional EVs promotion plans. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Plug-in hybrid vehicles

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FORMALIZATION OF ROBOT COLLISION DETECTION METHOD BASED ON CONFORMAL GEOMETRIC ALGEBRA

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wu, Yingjie Wang, Guohui Chen, Shanyan Shi, Zhiping Guan, Yong Li, Ximeng Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Reliable Embedded System Capital Normal University Beijing China Beijing Key Laboratory of Electronic System Reliability and Prognostics College of Information Engineering Capital Normal University Beijing China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Electronic System Reliability and Mathematical Interdisciplinary Capital Normal University Beijing China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Theory and Technology Capital Normal University Beijing China

Cooperative robots can significantly assist people in their productive activities, improving the quality of their works. Collision detection is vital to ensure the safe and stable operation of cooperative robots in productive activities. As an advanced geometric language, conformal geometric algebra can simplify the construction of the robot collision model and the calculation of collision distance. Compared with the formal method based on conformal geometric algebra, the traditional method may have some defects which are difficult to find in the modelling and calculation. We use the formal method based on conformal geometric algebra to study the collision detection problem of cooperative robots. This paper builds formal models of geometric primitives and the robot body based on the conformal geometric algebra library in HOL Light. We analyse the shortest distance between geometric primitives and prove their collision determination conditions. Based on the above contents, we construct a formal verification framework for the robot collision detection method. By the end of this paper, we apply the proposed framework to collision detection between two single-arm industrial cooperative robots. The flexibility and reliability of the proposed framework are verified by constructing a general collision model and a special collision model for two single-arm industrial cooperative robots. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Geometry

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Metal–Organic Frameworks-Derived Porous Yolk–Shell MoP/Cu_(3)P@carbon Microcages as High-Performance Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries

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Energy & environmental Materials 2020年第4期3卷 529-534页

作者： Yanyou Yin Yu Zhang Nannan Liu Lishuang Fan Naiqing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Sciences Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Transitional metal phosphides(TMPs)anode materials usually have large volume change and weak diffusion kinetics,leading to poor cycle *** TMPs with conductive carbon matrix has been widely used to boost sodium ***,it still needs to make efforts in the rational and facile design of nano/micro-structural TMPs/carbon hybrid anode ***,a MOFs-derived strategy is developed to synthesize porous yolk–shell Mo P/Cu_(3)P@carbon microcages(Mo P/Cu_(3)P@C)through in situ and confined phosphidation reaction as a high-performance sodium-ion batteries *** yolk–shell structure can offer adequate internal space to buffer the large volume expansion,shorten diffusion distance,and create more active sites of Na+.Especially,the Cu nanoparticles generated from Cu_(3)P have remarkable electronic conductivity of 5.73107S m-1(the second most conductive metal)to benefit transporting *** the introduction of Mo(Mo P has high theoretical capacity of 633 mA h g^(-1))can enhance the reversible capacity of the whole anode ***,these porous yolk–shell Mo P/Cu_(3)P@carbon microcages possess excellent reversible capacity of 307.8 mA h g^(-1)at 1.0 A g^(-1)and extraordinary cycle stability of 132.1 m A h g^(-1)at 5.0 A g^(-1)even after 6000 cycles.

关键词： sodium-ion batteries metal–organic frameworks MoP Cu_(3)P yolk–shell

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Cr(Vi) Removal by Sodium Borohydride in the Presence of Small Molecular Organic Ligand: Involvement of Citrate and Edta Chemical Transformation

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Njoya, Ousmanou Wang, Zhehao Shen, Jimin Zhao, Shengxin Tan, Qiang Qu, Yanfeng Chen, Zhonglin State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150090 China Institute of Agricultural Research for Development P.O. Box 415 Garoua Cameroon School of Food Engineering Harbin University Harbin150086 China

The use of chemical reduction to convert highly toxic Cr(VI) in water into low toxic and weakly mobile Cr(III) is considered the most feasible. Carboxylic acids (CAs) as clean regent widely coexists in multiples types of wastewater with Cr(VI). The influence of coexisting CAs during Cr(VI) reduction process should be widely studied. In this investigation, the role of coexisting CAs including Citrate and EDTA in Cr(VI) reduction was clarified. The results indicated that Citrate and EDTA could significantly promote Cr(VI) reduction by NaBH4. EDTA had a better promoting effect, exhibiting that 10 mM EDTA obtained similar 90.31% and 87.67% of Cr(VI) reduction at initial pH 4 and 5, respectively, reducing the requirement for low initial pH for Cr(VI) reduction. Regarding the improvement mechanism of Cr(VI) by NaBH4, Citrate and EDTA did not directly transfer their electrons to Cr(VI), while the addition of BH4- resulted in their degradation or transformation. Citrate and EDTA had two effects on Cr(VI) reduction by NaBH4. On the one hand, they provided a strong buffering effect, providing H+ to the reaction system for resisting OH- from NaBH4 self-hydrolysis and alleviate H+ requirement for Cr(VI) reduction;On the other hand, it might be attributed to the fact that Citrate or EDTA could eliminate some of hydrogen radical (•H) producing from homolysis of B–H bonds induced by Cr(VI), which exhibited a slight inhibitory of Cr(VI) reduction due to the competition with Cr(VI) for •H. However, the promoting effect was greater than the inhibitory effect. The findings provided new insights into Cr(VI) reduction by NaBH4 mediated by CAs, which is of interest for systems engineered for Cr(VI) remediation. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen bonds

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Exploring Defect Behavior in Helium-Irradiated Single-Crystal and Nano-Engineered 3C-SiC at 800°C: A Synergy of Experimental and Simulation Techniques

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Zhiqiang Zhang, Limin AlMotasem, Ahmed Tamer Li, Bingsheng Polcar, Tomas Daghbouj, Nabil School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou University Gansu Lanzhou China Department of Control Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Technicka ´ 2 Prague 6160 00 Czech Republic State Key Laboratory for Environment-friendly Energy Materials Southwest University and Technology Sichuan Mianyang621010 China

In this study, sc-and nc-3C-SiC samples were subjected to 30 keV He ion irradiation across various doses while maintaining a temperature 800°C. Employing techniques including Raman spectroscopy, TEM and nanoindentation, the alterations in microstructure and hardness resulting from He irradiation with various fluences were *** sc-SiC, irradiation prompted the formation of He platelets, resulting in a hardness increase of 6 GPa. In contrast, nc-SiC, characterized by a higher stacking fault density, exhibited the formation of bubbles, primarily at GBs, with fewer occurrences within the grain interior, leading to a hardness increase of 1 GPa. Notably, in both sc- and nc-SiC, hardness reached saturation and subsequently stabilized or declined with increasing *** MD cascade simulations, we discerned that various planar defects do not uniformly contribute to enhancing radiation resistance. For example, ISF and twins in SiC played a substantial role in altering defect density and configurations, thereby facilitating point defect annihilation. Conversely, ESF and Σ3 grain boundaries had a limited impact on defect production during a *** of cluster diffusivity revealed an accelerated movement of He-vacancy towards Gbs compared to other planar defects. Moreover, the scarcity of point defects and constrained mobility of He towards stacking faults in nc-SiC elucidated the marked tendency of He to form platelets in ***, our findings established a correlation between the calculated indentation hardness and the geometry of He defects, consistent with experimental results from nanoindentation. These results significantly contribute to ongoing efforts to design SiC materials with heightened radiation tolerance. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silicon carbide

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Activating and Enhancing the Energy Flexibility Provided by the Pipe-Embedded Building Envelope: A Review

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yang, Xiaochen Wang, Ruizhi Ding, Yan Guan, Wenze Liu, Dingzhou Jiang, Yixuan Wang, Qian Tianjin Key Laboratory of Built Environment and Energy Application School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Divsion of Building Technology and Design Department of Civil and Architectura Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm11428 Sweden Uponor AB Hackstavägen1 Västerås72132 Sweden

The energy flexibility provided by the building thermal mass is cost effective way of improving the integration between the energy supply and demand sides of the dynamic energy system. The thermally activated building systems (TABS) shows great energy flexibility potential using the embedded heat supply tubes inside the building envelope. However, the significant thermal inertia of TABS also imposes challenges to the precise load shift and indoor climate control. Therefore, this study summarizes the key research findings related to the effective demand side management of the TABS system from multiple aspects. The topologies of TABS, namely the floor, ceiling and wall types are explored and compared. The discrepancy in the heat transfer coefficient for heating and cooling leads to different preferred application scenario of each TABS type. The combination with the advanced materials such as PCM enhances the building energy flexibility physically. The activation of TABS energy flexibility is mainly conducted by adjusting the indoor operative temperature, and the influential factors of the regulating constraints are investigated and discussed. As the key aspects of optimizing the building energy flexibility, the simulation methods and control strategies of TABS are overviewed by theory and applications. The energy and economic performances of TABS, along with the comparisons to other heating and cooling terminals, are analyzed in detail concerning various control strategies. The knowledge provided by this review will be useful in optimizing the design and operation of TABS integrated to the dynamic energy system, as well as enhancing the energy flexibility of the building envelope. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Model predictive control

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The contribution of ammonia, water, and sulfur trioxide-based homogeneous nucleation for the condensable particulate matter formation and its experimental measurement and simulation significant

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Separation and Purification technology 2025年 372卷

作者： Guan, Hongliang Zhang, Chuan Xiao, Yi Wang, Tao Zhong, Longchun Wang, Jiawei Pan, Wei-Ping Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System Ministry of Education North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China School of Electric Power Civil Engineering and Architecture Shanxi University Taiyuan030006 China School of Ecology and Environment Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048 China

Existing research has seldom addressed the molecular-level differences in water-soluble ions within condensable particulate matter (CPM) in the ultra-fine particle rang. While prior studies attributed sulfate (SO42-) dominance in CPM to excess SO3 in flue gas, the mechanistic interplay of gas-phase precursors and nucleation dynamics remains poorly quantified. This study combined experimental measurements and simulations to investigate CPM formation. Spatially resolved size distributions of CPM and its water-soluble ions were experimentally characterized. A molecular dynamics analysis assessed the effects of molecular concentration, intermolecular interaction strength (e.g., S–O, S–N bonds), and thermodynamic parameters (e.g., ΔG) on nucleation kinetics and ion-specific stability. Both CPM mass and ion concentrations increased with particle size in the 0–2.5 µm range. Elevated molecular concentrations accelerated small-to-large cluster transitions, linking larger particles to higher ion concentrations. Stronger interactions between SO3 and NH3 (via stable S-O/S-N bonds) enhanced SO42- stability during nucleation, explaining its dominance over NO3– and Cl-. Introducing NO2 destabilized the (NH3)1(SO3)1(HCl)1(H2O)1 cluster (ΔG shifted from −26.6 to −21.19 kcal/mol), suppressing NO3– formation. This work establishes a quantitative relationship between gas-phase precursors (NH3, SO3, NO2), nucleation thermodynamics, and CPM composition. The results highlight the critical role of NH3-SO3 synergism in stabilizing sulfate ions and the inhibitory effect of NO2 on nitrate formation. These mechanistic insights advance predictive models for CPM evolution and inform strategies to mitigate CPM emissions in coal-fired flue gas under ultra-low emission policies. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Thermodynamic stability

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Research on the Cold Storage Characteristics Under the Coupling of Cold Thermal Energy Storage and Solar Photovoltaic Cold Storage

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Xu, Bing Li, Ming Hassanien, Reda Hassanien Emam Zhang, Ying Wang, Yunfeng Xu, Qiangying Lu, Xin School of Energy and Environment Science Yunnan Normal University Kunming650500 China Key Laboratory of Solar Heating and Cooling Technology of Yunnan Provincial Universities Kunming650500 China Agricultural Engineering Department Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University Giza12613 Egypt

The ice-on-coil storage tank is one of the core devices in the latent heat cold storage system. The main objective of this study is to couple the solar photovoltaic cold storage with Cold Thermal Energy Storage (CTES) technology. The internal ice-melting coil energy storage system used the water as a heat transfer fluid (HTF) for adopting a day and night cold storage control strategy. The experiments were conducted for several days under the conditions of photovoltaic-driven cold storage with and without load for a continuous cold storage. The reasons for the occurrence of ice layers during ice accumulation and melting, as well as the operational economy of the system were analyzed. Moreover, the characteristics of the cold storage tank were summarized. Consequently, when the external ice thickness of the coil was within the range of 27 to 32mm, the ice storage rate (IPF) reached 35.82% and achieved the optimal refrigeration efficiency in both the coil and the cold storage. The daily ice production in the cold storage tank decreased by an average of 22.06% during continuous operation with load compared to the unloaded operation. However, the daily refrigeration capacity increased by 45.774%. In addition, when CTES was coupled with solar photovoltaic technology, the refrigeration capacity decreased by 7.15% compared to using CTES technology alone, which resulting in an annual electricity cost saving of 30.20%. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ice

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σ-hole effect of halogen-bonded cocrystals causing tunable photoelectric properties for photocatalytic uranium removal

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Separation and Purification technology 2024年 338卷

作者： Wu, Qiong Li, Ya-Jie Jiang, Qiao-Qiao Wang, Ying-Ao Zhang, Rui Luo, Qiu-Xia Ke, Hua Liang, Ru-Ping Qiu, Jian-Ding School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanchang University Nanchang 330031 China College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Pingxiang University Pingxiang 337055 China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment East China University of Technology Nanchang 330013 China

The mechanism of how the internal composition of halogen-bonded cocrystals affecting photoelectric properties is ambiguous. Herein, we report a series of stable halogen-bonded cocrystals containing I-, Br-based halogen bond donors and N-based halogen bond acceptor. The halogen bonds served an intrinsic hub, and the two parts (donor and acceptor) were spliced into a highly ordered periodic network with a tight electronic configuration. The charge transfer within lattice induced by the σ-hole effect activates disparate photoelectric phenomena. The results uncover that the degree of photoelectric response of cocrystals can be adjusted rationally by manipulating the intensity and density of σ-holes with an atomic precision at the molecular level. The experimental and theoretical studies of the σ-hole effect pave the way to simplify the design principle of functional cocrystals. Eventually, benefiting from the fascinating photoelectric activity, halogen-bonded cocrystals exhibited excellent photocatalytic reduction ability of radionuclide uranium. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Halogen bonds Organic cocrystals Photoelectric response Uranium σ-hole effect

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Proton Irradiation Influence on Gate-Channel Low-Field Carrier Mobility of Algan/Gan Hemts

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Ji, Qizheng Liu, Jun Yang, Ming Ma, Guilei Xie, Xining Hu, Xiaofeng Liu, Shanghe Army Engineering University Shijiazhuang Campus National Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environment Effects Shijiazhuang050003 China Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering Beijing100094 China School of Electronics & Information Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing210044 China Beijing Orient Institute of Measurement and Test Beijing100094 China

AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) with different device sizes were prepared and suffered 0.4 MeV proton irradiation. The low-field carrier transport characteristics of the gate channel are obtained from capacitance-voltage curves and current-voltage curves. For the device with a longer gate-drain distance, after 0.4 MeV proton irradiation, the gate-channel low-field carrier mobility becomes larger. For the device with a shorter gate-drain distance, the carrier mobility gets smaller after proton irradiation. This phenomenon is studied in the view of polarization scattering effect. It is found that the polarization distribution in the AlGaN/GaN HEMTs changes after proton irradiation, and different gate-drain distances correspond to different polarization distributions. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Proton irradiation

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