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Communications Biology 2023年第1期6卷 546页

作者： Ng, Yen Siong Cheng, Cheng-Shun Ando, Masahiro Tseng, Yi-Ting He, Shu-Ting Li, Chun-Yuan Cheng, Shu-Wen Chen, Yi-Min Kumar, Ramya Liu, Chun-Hung Takeyama, Haruko Hirono, Ikuo Wang, Han-Ching Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences College of Bioscience and Biotechnology National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovations Waseda University Tokyo Japan International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Department of Aquaculture National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung Taiwan Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience Waseda University Tokyo Japan Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tokyo Japan Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Tokyo Japan Department of Marine Biosciences Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo Japan

In addition to the Warburg effect, which increases the availability of energy and biosynthetic building blocks in WSSV-infected shrimp, WSSV also induces both lipolysis at the viral genome replication stage (12 hpi) to provide material and energy for the virus replication, and lipogenesis at the viral late stage (24 hpi) to complete virus morphogenesis by supplying particular species of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs). Here, we further show that WSSV causes a reduction in lipid droplets (LDs) in hemocytes at the viral genome replication stage, and an increase in LDs in the nuclei of WSSV-infected hemocytes at the viral late stage. In the hepatopancreas, lipolysis is triggered by WSSV infection, and this leads to fatty acids being released into the hemolymph. β-oxidation inhibition experiment reveals that the fatty acids generated by WSSV-induced lipolysis can be diverted into β-oxidation for energy production. At the viral late stage, WSSV infection leads to lipogenesis in both the stomach and hepatopancreas, suggesting that fatty acids are in high demand at this stage for virion morphogenesis. Our results demonstrate that WSSV modulates lipid metabolism specifically at different stages to facilitate its replication. © 2023, The Author(s).

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Feasibility and Structural Transformation of Electrodeposited Copper Foils for Graphene Synthesis by Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition: Implications for High-Frequency Applications

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advanced Materials Interfaces 2024年第27期11卷

作者： Lu, Chen-Hsuan Shang, Kuang-Ming Lee, Shi-Ri Li, Jheng-Ying Lee, Patricia T.C. Leu, Chyi-Ming Tai, Yu-Chong Yeh, Nai-Chang Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Department of Medical Engineering California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Department of Electron Microscopy Development and Application Division of Platform Technology for Advanced Materials Material and Chemical Research Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute Hsinchu31057 Taiwan Material and Chemical Research Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute Hsinchu31057 Taiwan Department of Industrial Technology Ministry of Economic Affairs Taipei100210 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Department of Physics California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Kavli Nanoscience Institute California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University Taipei116 Taiwan

Large-area graphene is typically synthesized on rolled-annealed copper foils, which require transferring to other substrates for applications. This study examines large-area graphene growth on electrodeposited (ED) copper foils—used in lithium-ion batteries and printed circuit boards—via plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). It reveals that, for a set plasma power, a minimum growth time ensures full graphene coverage, leading to monolayer and then multilayer graphene, showing PECVD growth on ED copper is not self-limited. The process also beneficially modifies the ED copper substrate, like removing the surface zinc layer and changing copper grain size and orientation, thus improving graphene growth. Additionally, the study includes high-frequency scattering parameter (S-parameter) measurements in a coplanar waveguide (CPW) system. This involves graphene on a sapphire substrate with a silver electrode. The S-parameter data indicate that the CPW with graphene shows reduced insertion losses in high-frequency circuits compared to those without graphene. This underscores graphene's role in reducing insertion losses between metallic and dielectric layers in high-frequency settings, offering valuable insights for industrial and technological applications. © 2024 The Author(s). advanced Materials Interfaces published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Sapphire

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Multi-Resolution Localization of Individual Logs in Wooden Piles Utilizing YOLO with Tiling on Client/Server Architectures 33

Multi-Resolution Localization of Individual Logs in Wooden P...

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33rd European Modeling and Simulation Symposium, EMSS 2021

作者： Praschl, Christoph Auersperg-Castell, Philipp Forster-Heinlein, Brigitte Zwettler, Gerald Adam Research Group Advanced Information Systems and Technology Research and Development Department University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria Softwarepark 11 Hagenberg4232 Austria Department of Software Engineering School of Informatics Communications and Media University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria Softwarepark 11 Hagenberg4232 Austria Bluedynamics Auersperg-Castell KG Kritzing 31 Freinberg4785 Austria Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics University of Passau Innstraße 43 Passau94032 Germany

In industrial domains with time and cost intensive manual or semi-automated inspection the demand for automation is high. Utilizing state of the art deep learning models for localization in vision-based domains such as wood log analysis, the precision can be increased while reducing the demand for manual inspection. In this paper a YOLO network is trained on wood log images to allow for detection of single wood piles in images with hundreds and thousands instances. Due to the high variability in scale and large amount of wood logs within the images, common YOLO architectures are not applicable. Thus, tiling is necessitated to implicitly form a multi-resolution image pyramid. Due to lack in training data, besides common data augmentation modelling of different seasonal and weather conditions is applied. The wood log detection process can be run on a client/server architecture to allow for both, preview and refined results. Evaluation on real-world data sets shows an log detection accuracy of 82,9% utilizing a tiny YOLO model and 94,1% with a fully connected YOLO model, respectively. © 2021 The Authors.

关键词： Deep learning

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Engineering grain boundaries in monolayer molybdenum disulfide for efficient water-ion separation

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science (New York, N.Y.) 2025年第6735期387卷 776-782页

作者： Shen, Jie Aljarb, Areej Cai, Yichen Liu, Xing Min, Jiacheng Wang, Yingge Wang, Qingxiao Zhang, Chenhui Chen, Cailing Hakami, Mariam Fu, Jui-Han Zhang, Hui Li, Guanxing Wang, Xiaoqian Chen, Zhuo Li, Jiaqiang Dong, Xinglong Shih, Kaimin Huang, Kuo-Wei Tung, Vincent Shi, Guosheng Pinnau, Ingo Li, Lain-Jong Han, Yu Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore Department of Physics King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia KAUST Catalysis Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing China Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atomic Control and Application of Inorganic 2D Supermaterials Shanghai University Shanghai China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hong Kong Pok Fu Lam Road Hong Kong China Department of Civil Engineering University of Hong Kong Pok Fu Lam Road Hong Kong China Imaging and Characterization Core Lab King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Department of Chemical System Engineering School of Engineering University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Center for Electron Microscopy South China University of Technology Guangzhou China School of Emergent Soft Matter South China University of Technology Guangzhou China Catalyst Center of Excellence (CCoE) Research and Development Center Saudi Aramco Dhahran Saudi Arabia Center for Sustainability and Energy Technologies Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining Qinghai China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou China

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have long been considered as ideal platforms for developing separation membranes. However, it is difficult to generate uniform subnanometer pores over large areas on 2D materials. We report that the well-defined eight-membered ring (8-MR) pores, typically formed at the boundaries of two antiparallel grains of monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), can serve as molecular sieves for efficient water-ion separation. The density of grain boundaries and, consequently, the number of 8-MR pores can be tuned by regulating the grain size. Optimized MoS2 membranes outperformed the state-of-the-art membranes in forward osmosis tests by demonstrating both ultrahigh water/sodium chloride selectivity and exceptional water permeance. Creating precise pore structures on atomically thin films through grain boundary engineering presents a promising route for producing membranes suitable for various applications.

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GaAs electro-optic absorption modulators performance evaluation, under high-temperature variations

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Journal of Optical Communications 2024年第s1期45卷 s359-s368页

作者： Eid, Mahmoud M. A. Rashed, Ahmed Nabih Zaki Sorathiya, Vishal Lavadiya, Sunil Habib, Md. Ahasan Amiri, Iraj Sadegh Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32951 Egypt Department of Information and Communication Technology Marwadi University Rajkot India Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Kazla Rajshahi6204 Bangladesh Computational Optics Research Group Advanced Institute of Materials Science Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Faculty of Applied Sciences Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

This work presents the gallium arsenide (GaAs) electro-optic absorption (EA) modulators performance evaluation compared to the previous models with SiGe EA modulators under high-temperature variations. The average switching speed is studied and analyzed for both EAs. The consumed energy or power per bit is taken into account for both modulators. The modulation depth and transmission coefficient are studied for both previous and proposed EAs with 250 Gb/s at room temperature. The technical performance parameters are also analyzed such as insertion loss, modulation depth, output power, contrast ratio, transmission coefficient, and power length product for both previous and proposed EAs under high-temperature variations. The study assured that to get the optimum GaAs EAs performance efficiency, the modulator length and the thickness should be values of 50 and 5 mm, respectively at room temperature. © 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Si-Ge alloys

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High Birefringence and Negative Dispersion Based Modified Decagonal Photonic Crystal Fibers: A Numerical Study

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Journal of Optical Communications 2023年第s1期44卷 S1839-S1849页

作者： Baul, Anik Hossain, Md. Biplob Sakib, Md. Nazmus Rana, Md. Masud Hossain, Md. Amzad Hossain, Md. Sanwar Islam, Md. Muztahidul Amiri, I.S. Computational Optics Research Group Advanced Institute of Materials Science Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam Faculty of Applied Sciences Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Rajshahi6204 Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore7408 Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Bangladesh University of Business and Technology Rupnagar R/A Dhaka Dhaka1216 Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Bangladesh Army University of Engineering & Technology Qadirabad Natore6431 Bangladesh

In this paper, an extremely birefringent PCF based on a modified decagonal (MD-PCF) arrangement is studied for broadband compensation covering the S-, C- and L-communication bands wavelength ranging from 1460 to 1625 nm. It is made known in theory that it is conceivable to attain negative dispersion coefficient about − 448 to − 835 ps/nm/ km covering S-, C- and L-communication bands as well as a relative dispersion slope near to single mode fiber (SMF) of 0.0036 nm−1. On the basis of simulation results incorporating finite-element method based COMSOL multiphysics software, birefringence is obtained as high as 1.7 × 10−2, which is definately greater than conventional step-index fiber (SIF) and circular air- holes PCF so far. We also discuss the characteristics of chromatic dispersion, effective area and confinement loss of the designed PCF. © 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH. All rights reserved.

关键词： Birefringence

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Quantum Linear System Solvers: A Survey of Algorithms and Applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Morales, Mauro E.S. Pira, Lirandë Schleich, Philipp Koor, Kelvin Costa, Pedro C.S. An, Dong Aspuru-Guzik, Alán Lin, Lin Rebentrost, Patrick Berry, Dominic W. Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science University of Maryland United States Centre for Quantum Software and Information University of Technology Sydney Australia Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Canada Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence Toronto Canada ContinoQuantum Sydney Australia Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking University Beijing China Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Canada Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Toronto Canada Acceleration Consortium Toronto Canada Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Canada Lebovic Fellow Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Toronto Canada Department of Mathematics University of California Berkeley United States Applied Mathematics and Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley United States Department of Computer Science National University of Singapore Singapore School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Macquarie University Sydney Australia

Solving linear systems of equations plays a fundamental role in numerous computational problems from different fields of science. The widespread use of numerical methods to solve these systems motivates investigating the feasibility of solving linear systems problems using quantum computers. In this work, we provide a survey of the main advances in quantum linear systems algorithms, together with some applications. We summarize and analyze the main ideas behind some of the algorithms for the quantum linear systems problem in the literature. The analysis begins by examining the Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd (HHL) solver. We note its limitations and reliance on computationally expensive quantum methods, then highlight subsequent research efforts which aimed to address these limitations and optimize runtime efficiency and precision via various paradigms. We focus in particular on the post-HHL enhancements which have paved the way towards optimal lower bounds with respect to error tolerance and condition number. By doing so, we propose a taxonomy that categorizes these studies. Furthermore, by contextualizing these developments within the broader landscape of quantum computing, we explore the foundational work that have inspired and informed their development, as well as subsequent refinements. Finally, we discuss the potential applications of these algorithms in differential equations, quantum machine learning, and many-body physics. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Polyethylene terephthalate waste derived nanomaterials (WDNMs) and its utilization in electrochemical devices

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Chemosphere 2024年 353卷 141541页

作者： Manjunathan, J. Pavithra, K. Nangan, Senthilkumar Prakash, S. Saxena, Kuldeep K. Sharma, Kuldeep Muzammil, Khursheed Verma, Deepak Gnanapragasam, Jenita Rani Ramasubburayan, R. Revathi, M. Department of Biotechnology Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies Pallavaram Chennai600117 India Department of Chemistry School of Basic Sciences Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies Pallavaram Tamilnadu Chennai600 117 India Department of Chemistry Graphic Era Deemed to be University Uttarkhand Dehradun India Department of Basic Sciences Institute of Fisheries Post Graduate Studies Tamilnadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University OMR Campus Tamilnadu Chennai India Division of Research and Development Lovely Professional University Punjab Phagwara India Centre for Research Impact and Outcomes Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura India Department of Public Health College of Applied Medical Sciences Khamis Mushait Campus King Khalid University Abha62561 Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering Graphic Era Hill University Uttarkhand Dehradun India Tamil Nadu Madurai625 017 India Saveetha University Tamilnadu Chennai600 077 India Chitkara Centre for Research and Development Chitkara University Himachal Pradesh 174103 India

Plastics are a vital component of our daily lives in the contemporary globalization period;they are present in all facets of modern life. Because the bulk of synthetic plastics utilized in the market are non-biodegradable by nature, the issues associated with their contamination are unavoidable in an era dominated by polymers. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is extensively used in industries such as automotive, packaging, textile, food, and beverages production represents a major share of these non-biodegradable polymer productions. Given its extensive application across various sectors, PET usage results in a considerable amount of post-consumer waste, majority of which require disposal after a certain period. However, the recycling of polymeric waste materials has emerged as a prominent topic in research, driven by growing environmental consciousness. Numerous studies indicate that products derived from polymeric waste can be converted into a new polymeric resource in diverse sectors, including organic coatings and regenerative medicine. This review aims to consolidate significant scientific literatures on the recycling PET waste for electrochemical device applications. It also highlights the current challenges in scaling up these processes for industrial application. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Polyethylene terephthalates

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Distributed Feedback Laser (DFB) for Signal Power Amplitude Level Improvement in Long Spectral Band

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Journal of Optical Communications 2023年第s1期44卷 S125-S130页

作者： Samanta, Debabrata Sivaram, M. Rashed, Ahmed Nabih Zaki Boopathi, C.S. Amiri, I.S. Yupapin, P. Computational Optics Research Group Advanced Institute of Materials Science Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Faculty of Applied Sciences Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Bangalore Bangalore India Department of Computer Networking Lebanese French University Kurdistan Region Erbil Iraq Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32951 Egypt Department of EEE SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India

This study outlines the distributed feedback laser for signal power amplitude level improvement in the long spectral band of 1550 nm wavelength within supporting pumped wavelength of 1480 nm. The bias and modulation peak currents based distributed feedback laser are varied in order to test the signal power level, peak signal amplitude variations after the fiber-optic channel and light detectors. The signal power level, peak signal amplitude is measured against spectral wavelength and time bit period variations. The study emphasis the signal power level, peak signal amplitude are enhanced for the best selection values of both a bias current at 45 mA and modulation peak current at 0.5 mA. © 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distributed feedback lasers

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Effect of AlN/GaN supercycle ratio on properties of AlxGa1−xN films using super-cycle plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2024年 970卷

作者： Zhang, Zhi-Xuan Ren, Fang-Bin Hsu, Chia-Hsun Zhang, Xiao-Ying Gao, Peng Wu, Wan-Yu Wuu, Dong-Sing Jiang, Linqin Qiu, Yu Lai, Feng-Min Lien, Shui-Yang Zhu, Wen-Zhang The School of Opto-electronic and Communication Engineering Xiamen University of Technology Fujian Xiamen361024 China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Development and Application for Advanced Semiconductor Coating Technology Xiamen University of Technology Fujian Xiamen361024 China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Fuzhou350002 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering National United University Miaoli36063 Taiwan Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering National Chi Nan University Nantou54561 Taiwan College of Electronic Information Science Fujian Jiangxia University Fuzhou350108 China Department of Biomedical Engineering Da-Yeh University Changhua51591 Taiwan

In this study, aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) films are prepared by supercycle plasma enhanced vapor deposition (PEALD) with trimethylgallium, trimethylaluminum, and NH3 plasma. The ratio of aluminum nitride (AlN) to gallium nitride (GaN) PEALD cycle number is varied to investigated its effect on film properties. The experimental results show that the growth per cycle is lower than that of the mixing rule prediction, and the Ga content dramatically drops with increasing the AlN cycle ratio. It is implied that AlN surface partly hinders the growth of GaN during supercycle deposition. The Ga:Al elemental ratio is found to be 1:1 at the AlN cycle ratio of 20%, beyond which the film transforms from Ga-rich to Ga-poor and is accompanied with increased Al-Al metallic bonds. The film with the 20% AlN cycle ratio also exhibits the least aggregated surface morphology. The elemental depth profile investigated using secondary ion mass spectroscopy indicates an uniform distribution of Ga, Al and N. The bandgap of supercycle PEALD AlGaN films can be tuned when the AlN cycle ratio is less than 20%. Moreover, the AlGaN film with 20% AlN cycle ratio shows a photoluminescence peak centered at 277 nm, agreeing with the bandgap of the film. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Aluminum nitride

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