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7th International Conference on Speech Prosody, SP 2014

作者： Pon-Barry, Heather Nelakurthi, Arun Reddy School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ United States

Prosody-based affect recognition has great potential impact for building adaptive speech interfaces. For example, in intelligent systems for personalized learning, sensing a student's level of certainty, which is often signaled prosodically, is one of the most interesting states to interpret and respond to. However, robust uncertainty recognition faces several challenges, including the lack of gold-standard labels, and differences in expressivity among speakers. In this paper we explore the intersection of these two issues. We have collected a corpus of spontaneous speech in a question-answering task. Three kinds of certainty labels are associated with each utterance. First, speakers rated their own level of certainty. Second, a panel of listeners rated how certain the speaker sounded. Third, an externally crowdsourced difficulty score is generated for each stimulus (the question). We present a word-level prosodic analysis of individual speaking styles, as they relate to these three different measurements of certainty. Our results suggest that instead of learning one-size-fits-all prosodic models of affect, we might find improvement from learning multiple models corresponding to different speaking styles.

关键词： Intelligent systems

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Branch-aware loop mapping on CGRAs 14

Branch-aware loop mapping on CGRAs

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51st Annual Design Automation Conference, DAC 2014

作者： Hamzeh, Mahdi Shrivastava, Aviral Vrudhula, Sarma School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781479930173

One of the challenges that all accelerators face, is to execute loops that have if-then-else constructs. There are three ways to accelerate loops with an if-then-else construct on a Coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture (CGRA): full predication, partial predication, and dual-issue scheme. In comparison with the other schemes, dual-issue scheme may achieve the best performance, but it requires compiler support - which does not exist. In this paper, we develop compiler techniques to map loops with conditionals on CGRA for the dual-issue scheme. Our experiments show: i) 40% of loops that can be accelerated on CGRA have conditionals, ii) The proposed dual-issue scheme enables our compiler to accelerate loops 40% faster than full predication scheme proposed in [12], and iii) Our compiler assisted dual issue scheme can exploit richer interconnects, if present. Copyright 2014 ACM.

关键词： Reconfigurable architectures

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The impact of a social robot's attributions for success and failure in a teachable agent framework 11

The impact of a social robot's attributions for success and ...

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11th International Conference of the Learning Sciences: Learning and Becoming in Practice, ICLS 2014

作者： Muldner, Kasia Girotto, Victor Lozano, Cecil Burleson, Winslow Walker, Erin Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781732467200

Teachable agents foster student learning by employing the learning by teaching paradigm. Since social factors influence learning from this paradigm, understanding which social behaviors a teachable agent should embody is an important first step for designing such an agent. Here, we focus on the impact of causal attributions made by a teachable agent. To obtain data on student perceptions of agent attributions, we conducted a study involving students interacting with a social robot that made attributions to ability and effort, and to the student, itself, or both. We analyzed data from semi-structured interviews to understand how different attributions influence student perceptions, and discuss design opportunities for manipulating these attributions to improve student motivation. © 2014 ISLS.

关键词： Students

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Operations research/management contributions to emergency department patient flow optimization: Review and research prospects

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IIE Transactions on Healthcare systems engineering 2015年第2期5卷 101-123页

作者： Saghafian, Soroush Austin, Garrett Traub, Stephen J. Industrial Engineering School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe 85281 AZ United States Department of Emergency Medicine Mayo Clinic Phoenix 85054 AZ United States

In recent years, Operations Research/Management (OR/OM) has had a significant impact on improving the performance of hospital Emergency Departments (EDs). This includes improving a wide range of processes involving patient flow from the initial call to the ED through disposition, discharge home, or admission to the hospital. We review approximately 350 related papers to (i) demonstrate the influence of OR/OM in EDs, and (ii) assist both researchers and practitioners with the OR/OM techniques already available to optimize ED patient flow. In addition, we elaborate on some practical challenges yet to be addressed. By shedding light on some less studied aspects that can have significant impacts on ED operations, we also discuss important possibilities for future OR/OM researchers. © 2015, Copyright 2015 „IIE”.

关键词： emergency department operational efficiency Operations research/management patient flow patient safety

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A Foot-Mounted Sensor Based 3D Indoor Positioning Approach

A Foot-Mounted Sensor Based 3D Indoor Positioning Approach

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International Symposium on Autonomous Decentralized systems (ISADAS)

作者： Lingxiang Zheng Wencheng Zhou Weiwei Tang Xianchao Zheng Hui Yang Shuxiang Pu Chenxiang Li Biyu Tang Yinong Chen School of Information Science and Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian CN Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479982622

We present a 3D indoor positioning system with foot mounted low cost MEMS sensors. The sensors includes the accelerometers, gyroscopes, and barometer. The output of accelerometers and gyroscopes are used to calculate the zero velocity update (ZUPT) and the movement of one step. The barometer is used to detect the altitude changes. A Kalman filter based framework is used to fusion the outputs of the sensors and estimate the non-linear errors of the position and heading, which increased over time. A particle filter is used to further reduce the errors. The test result shows that the designed system perform well.

关键词： Kalman filters Gyroscopes Accelerometers Covariance matrices Particle filters Floors Three-dimensional displays

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HCS: Hierarchical cut selection for efficiently processing queries on data columns using hierarchical bitmap indices 17

HCS: Hierarchical cut selection for efficiently processing q...

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17th International Conference on Extending Database Technology, EDBT 2014

作者： Nagarkar, Parth Candan, K. Selçuk School of Computing Informatics Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ85287-8809 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783893180653

When data are large and query processing workloads consist of data selection and aggregation operations (as in online analytical processing), column-oriented data stores are generally the preferred choice of data organization, because they enable effective data compression, leading to significantly reduced IO. Most columnstore architectures leverage bitmap indices, which themselves can be compressed, for answering queries over data columns. Columndomains (e.g., geographical data, categorical data, biological taxonomies, organizational data) are hierarchical in nature, and it may be more advantageous to create hierarchical bitmap indices, that can help answer queries over different sub-ranges of the domain. However, given a query workload, it is critical to choose the appropriate subset of bitmap indices from the given hierarchy. Thus, in this paper, we introduce the cut-selection problem, which aims to help identify a subset (cut) of the nodes of the domain hierarchy, with the appropriate bitmap indices. We discuss inclusive, exclusive, and hybrid strategies for cut-selection and show that the hybrid strategy can be efficiently computed and returns optimal (in terms of IO) results in cases where there are no memory constraints. We also show that when there is a memory availability constraint, the cut-selection problem becomes difficult and, thus, present efficient cut-selection strategies that return close to optimal results, especially in situations where the memory limitations are very strict (i.e., the data and the hierarchy are much larger than the available memory). Experiment results confirm the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed cut-selection algorithms.

关键词： Query processing

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Observing engineering student teams from the organization behavior perspective using linguistic analysis of student reflections and focus group interviews

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Advances in engineering Education 2015年第3期4卷

作者： Kearney, Kerri S. Damron, Rebecca Sohoni, Sohum Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK United States Oklahoma State University Writing Center Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK United States School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ United States

This paper investigates group/team development in computer engineering courses at a University in the Central USA from the perspective of organization behavior theory, specifically Tuckman's model of the stages of group development. The investigation, conducted through linguistic analysis of student reflection essays, and through focus group interviews, also presents STEM education researchers with a method to obtain nuanced information about interpersonal skills issues such as how groups and teams function. A third contribution of the paper is a review of the organizational behavior literature on teams and groups with a concern for its application to modern engineering education.

关键词： Students

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The Role of Certainty and Time Delay in Students' Cheating decisions during Online Testing 37

The Role of Certainty and Time Delay in Students' Cheating D...

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37th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Mind, Technology, and Society, CogSci 2015

作者： Chuang, Chia-Yuan Craig, Scotty D. Femiani, John Arizona State University Simulation Modeling and Applied Cognitive Science Program 7171 E Sonoran Arroyo Mall MesaAZ85212 United States Arizona State University Human Systems Engineering 7171 E Sonoran Arroyo Mall MesaAZ85212 United States Arizona State University School of Computing Informatics and Decision System Engineering Peralta Hall 7171 E Sonoran Arroyo Mall Rm 230U MesaAZ85212 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780991196722

In an attempt to assist proctors to prevent test takers from academic dishonesty in remotely administrated exams, this study investigated the ability of test takers' behaviors during online assessments to predict their cheating decisions. Specifically, this experimental study focused on the role of students' time delay and certainty rating during lab based online testing sessions. The analysis of hierarchical logistic regression indicated that not only time delay but also certainty rating had significantly statistical relation to test takers' cheating decisions. The importance of the two proposed factors during online assessments was discussed and the prospects of the improvements of online proctoring systems were addressed. © Cognitive Science Society, CogSci *** rights reserved.

关键词： Time delay

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Autonomous Decentralized Tenant Access Control Model for Sub-tenancy Architecture in Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

Autonomous Decentralized Tenant Access Control Model for Sub...

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International Symposium on Autonomous Decentralized systems (ISADAS)

作者： Qiong Zuo Meiyi Xie Wei-Tek Tsai School of Computer Science & Technology Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan Hubei China Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479982622

Sub-Tenancy Architecture (STA), is an extension of Multi-Tenancy Architecture (MTA), allows tenants to offer services for subtenant developers to customize their applications in the SaaS infrastructure [1]. In a STA system, tenants are autonomous decentralized entities who can create subtenants, and grant their resources (including private services and data) to their subtenants. The isolation and sharing relations between parent-child tenants, sibling tenants or non-related tenants are more complicated than those between tenants in MTA. It is important to keep resource private, and at the same time, allow them to be shared, and support application customizations for tenants. This paper provides a formal definition of a new tenant-based access control model based on Administrative Role-Based Access Control (ARBAC) for STA in SaaS. Autonomous Areas (AA) and AA-tree are proposed to describe the autonomy of tenants, including their isolation and sharing relationships. Different resource sharing methods are given out to create and deploy the access control scheme in STA models.

关键词： Resource management Authorization Computer architecture Organizations Modeling

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Mitigating distributed denial-of-service attacks in named data networking 11

Mitigating distributed denial-of-service attacks in named da...

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11th Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications, AICT 2015

作者： Vassilakis, Vassilios G. Moscholios, Ioannis D. Alohali, Bashar A. Logothetis, Michael D. Institute for Communication Systems University of Surrey Guildford United Kingdom Dept. of Informatics and Telecommunications University of Peloponnese Tripolis Greece School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences Liverpool John Moors University Liverpool United Kingdom Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Patras Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781612084114

Named Data Networking (NDN) is a novel networking approach that aims at overcoming some of the limitations of the current Internet. In particular, NDN aims at providing better privacy and security by focusing on the data items themselves rather than on the location of data. This is achieved by using soft states at the routers, which record the requests/interests for data from users in the Pending Interest Table (PIT). However, this new networking concept opens up avenues for launching Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks on PITs. That is, an attacker may flood the network with a large number of Interest packets that would overflow the PITs at the routers, thus preventing legitimate users from receiving the requested data. This type of DDoS attack is known as the Interest Flooding Attack (IFA) and, if not adequately dealt with, may severely disrupt the normal operation of an NDN system. In this paper, we first show that the basic NDN mechanism is vulnerable to IFA even when the attacker has very limited resources. Next, we propose a mitigation technique that allows routers to quickly identify and block such DDoS attempts, by detecting anomalous user behaviour. We also introduce an additional security layer by using public-key based router authentication. We evaluate our proposed scheme by means of computer simulations and show that a sufficient level of security can be achieved with little processing and storage overhead. Copyright © 2015 IARIA.

关键词： Denial-of-service attack

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