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Densification, microstructure, and mechanical properties of WMo–Al2O3 alloy fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Cui, Liya Wang, Changji Wei, Shizhong Dou, Caihong Zhao, Ziwen Chen, Chong Dong, Di Pan, Kunming School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang471000 China Longmen Laboratory Luoyang471000 China Henan Key Laboratory of High-temperature Structural and Functional Materials Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang471003 China Advanced Technology & Materials Co. Ltd Beijing100081 China

In the spark plasma sintering process, different sintering temperatures (1500–1900 °C) and sintering times (6–20 min) were used for the consolidation of WMo–Al2O3 powder. The results show that the highest relative density of the WMo–Al2O3 alloy was stable at 96 % when the sintering temperature was 1600 °C and the holding time was 10 min;under these conditions, the alloy had no obvious change in phases and a grain size of 0.73 μm. The stress exponent (n) of the diffusion process was less than 0.5, indicating that the densification mechanism of WMo–Al2O3 alloy is atomic diffusion between grain boundaries and particle rearrangement caused by grain boundary slip. The microhardness of the WMo–Al2O3 alloy first increased and then decreased with increasing temperature, which was attributed to the low density, resulting in low microhardness at low sintering temperatures. In addition, the microhardness increased with increasing relative density. When the temperature was further increased and the relative density remained unchanged, the WMo–Al2O3 alloy grain size increased and the hardness decreased. Under holding at 1600 °C for 10 min, the grain size was 0.73 μm, the hardness reached 721.3 HV, and the relative density reached 96.45 %. A transition layer existed in the interface region between the WMo solid solution and the Al2O3 particles, formed by mutual diffusion and reaction between the Al2O3 particles and the WMo matrix. The phase boundary indicated a good combination of Al2O3 particles with the WMo matrix, and the width of the interface bonding region was approximately 5 nm. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Densification

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Mild photothermal therapy-enhanced nano-ferroptosis inducer for potent treatment of advanced prostate cancer

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Nano Research 2025年第4期18卷 375-387页

作者： Xiao Hu Fei Li Xin-Hang Qian Yu-Sen Zhang Shuai Ke Yun-Xia Jin Shuai Yuan Yuan-Yuan Zhang Rui Li Lei Cao Lang Rao Xian-Tao Zeng Ling-Ling Zhang Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Institute of Chemical Biology Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen 518132China Department of Urology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules&College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices School of Physics Science and TechnologyXinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017China

Androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)and androgen receptor signaling inhibitors(ARSis)often have limited efficacy in patients with advanced prostate cancer(PCa)(especially AR-negative).Inducing ferroptosis in PCa cells is an attractive therapeutic *** this work,mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles(MPDA NPs)were developed to simultaneously deliver Cu^(+)/Cu^(2+)ion pairs and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)inhibitor RSL3 to tumor sites for enhanced treatment of *** prepared MPDA-Cu-RSL3@HA(MPCRH)NPs induced ferroptosis by promoting lipid peroxidation and regulating phospholipid profiles in PCa cells,and the above effects were further enhanced by mild photothermal therapy(mPTT)without damaging normal *** can promote reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation and degrade tumor extracellular matrix in vivo to promote nanodrugs intratumoral *** short,this work shows the great application potential of mPTT-enhanced nano-ferroptosis inducers in the field of PCa treatment,in order to provide a reasonable paradigm for nanodrug development and PCa treatment.

关键词： prostate cancer ferroptosis mild photothermal therapy chemodynamic therapy mesoporous polydopamine

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Lead-Free Scintillator Based on a Luminescent Green-Emitting Material Derived from Manganese(II) Chloride for High-Resolution X-Ray Imaging

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Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and materials 2025年 1-8页

作者： Zheng, Xiaokang Tao, Peng Wang, Hua Zhang, Lijie Wong, Wai-Yeung MOE Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen518057 China College of Textile Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Jinzhong030600 China Zhejiang International Joint Laboratory of Optical Functional Materials Wenzhou University Wenzhou325000 China

Manganese(II) halides have attracted significant research attention because of their unique zero-dimensional structures, low toxicity, structural diversity, and tunable photoluminescent properties. However, the development of neutral manganese(II) chlorides has lagged behind their manganese(II) bromide counterparts in X-ray imaging applications. Herein, we report a green-emitting neutral monodentate manganese(II) chloride complex (H-Cl) by introducing the cyclohexyldiphenylphosphine oxide as the ligand, which could be synthesized via a simple room-temperature solvent evaporation method. Complex H-Cl exhibits bright photoluminescence with an emission peak at 516 nm with a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 61 nm, and achieves a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 16.69%, surpassing most reported neutral monodentate manganese(II) chlorides. As an X-ray scintillator, complex H-Cl realizes a detection limit of 1.581 µGy/s, which is much lower than that of the standard for X-ray medical diagnostics. It also shows a high spatial resolution exceeding 9.6 lp/mm, highlighting its potential for advanced scintillator design and high-resolution X-ray imaging technology. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Scintillation counters

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Controlled synthesis of silicon carbide whiskers via nickel-based alloy catalyst-assisted carbothermal reduction unraveling vapor-liquid-solid growth and Ni3Si2 droplet dynamics

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Chen, Chen Li, Wenhao Zhen, Qiang Li, Rong Zhang, Shaowei Li, Xingchao Wang, Jinming Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China Nano-Science &Technology Research Center Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences University of Exeter ExeterEX4 4QF United Kingdom Science and Technology of Advanced Functional Composite Materials Laboratory Aerospace Research Institute of Materials & Processing Technology Beijing100076 China

Silicon carbide whiskers (SiCw) are highly promising for ultra-high-temperature thermal protection systems due to their excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance. However, precisely controlling their size and shape during production remains challenging. This study achieved the controllable preparation of SiC whiskers (70–280 nm in diameter, aspect ratios of 50–300) via nickel-alloy-catalyzed carbothermal reduction. The vapor-liquid-solid (V-L-S) mechanism dominated the growth, with dynamically evolving Ni-Si alloy droplets playing a critical role. Combined experimental and thermodynamic analyses confirmed that Ni3Si2 alloy droplets stabilized above 1000 °C regulated whisker growth through a dual-pathway mechanism: adsorption of CO(g), Si(g), and SiO(g) to drive axial growth while synchronously precipitating amorphous SiO2 layers to suppress radial expansion. First-principles DFT calculations revealed strong adsorption of CO and SiO on the Ni3Si2(101) surface (adsorption energies: 1.459 eV and 2.677 eV), inducing 53.8 % and 49.2 % elongations of C-O and Si-O bonds, respectively. These findings elucidate alloy catalysts' atomic-scale "adsorption-activation-nucleation" mechanism in V-L-S growth and provide critical insights for designing SiCw-reinforced thermal protection materials. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Aspect ratio

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边缘电子态调制实现效率超过15%的锡基钙钛矿太阳电池（英文）

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science China materials 2025年第5期68卷 1462-1471页

作者：左晨刘庚灵刘聪龚安稳陈凯钟杨徐鑫熊文涛狄大卫胡笑添刘焘谈利承邹炳锁陈义旺 State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi University Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry (Mo 5 Lehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-sen University Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)/Film Energy Chemistry for Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory (FEC) Nanchang University DGUT-CNAM Institute Dongguan University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang University

锡基钙钛矿的严重p型掺杂效应和本征缺陷极大地限制了锡基钙钛矿太阳电池（PSCs）器件性能.本研究提出了一种新型n型有机小分子掺杂剂, NDI2HD-Br2,以缓解锡基钙钛矿的严重p型自掺杂并钝化锡相关缺陷. NDI2HD-Br2中具有高电子密度的羰基... 详细信息

锡基钙钛矿的严重p型掺杂效应和本征缺陷极大地限制了锡基钙钛矿太阳电池（PSCs）器件性能.本研究提出了一种新型n型有机小分子掺杂剂, NDI2HD-Br2,以缓解锡基钙钛矿的严重p型自掺杂并钝化锡相关缺陷. NDI2HD-Br2中具有高电子密度的羰基（C=O）可以向钙钛矿带边提供额外的电子,从而将锡基钙钛矿从p型转化为弱n型半导体（费米能级上移0.15 eV）.通过这种方法,锡基PSCs的功率转换效率（PCE）达到15.01%,开路电压高达0.95 V.此外,掺入NDI2HD-Br2的器件具有出色的长期稳定性,在氮气环境中存储1500小时后仍能保持81%的初始PCE.这项研究为调控锡基钙钛矿的电子结构并钝化其本征缺陷以实现高效稳定的太阳能电池提供了一条新途径.

关键词： perovskite solar cells tin electron transfer defects weak n-type

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Enhanced the efficiency of carbon based perovskite solar cells via g-C3N4 as functional additives

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Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2025年 461卷

作者： Yang, Xiaojie Zhao, Xiandong Zhao, Li Wang, Shimin School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials Hubei University of Science and Technology Hubei Xianning437100 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Hubei University Wuhan430062 China

The quality of perovskite layer plays an important role in the performance of perovskite solar cells. Various defects can arise during the crystal growth process of Perovskite thin film. However, by using additives. It is possible to effectively enhance crystallize and form high-quality perovskite films with improved morphology. g-C3N4, a carbon–nitrogen ring with delocalized π electrons and certain conductivity, facilitates the transport of charge carriers. When it is utilized as an additive in perovskite solar cells, g-C3N4 not only improves the quality and crystallinity of perovskite films, but also passivates defects. As a result of these improvements, the optimal efficiency for preparing carbon-based perovskite solar cells is 13.74 %. This represents a significant increase in photoelectric conversion efficiency from 10.39 % to 13.74 %, corresponding to a remarkable enhancement of 32.24 %. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential application of two-dimensional materials and carbon nitrogen ring for enhancing the performance of perovskite solar cells. © 2024

关键词： Perovskite

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Surface curvature regulation of 3D kirigami soft gripper

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International Journal of Solids and Structures 2025年 317卷

作者： Wu, Jian Yang, Bohan Li, Zhe He, Shixue Bu, Yingxuan Su, Benlong Wang, Youshan Center for Rubber Composite Materials and Structures Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai264209 China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology On Advanced Composites in Special Environments Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150090 China

Kirigami principles have been integrated into flexible grippers, exploiting the shape transforming advantages to improve the grippers’ performance and broaden the varieties upon which can be operated. However, few studies have adopted the 3D polygonal auxetic kirigami as the main structure of the gripper, due to its complex spatial design process, narrowed means of fabrication and multi-freedom actuation. Herein, gripper deformation based on auxetic kirigami under a simple actuation of 1-DoF is studied via an energy minimization framework. Firstly, a spring potential energy minimization problem of the 3D kirigami with geometric constraints is solved to obtain its deployment path and energy landscape. Then the deformed surface is analyzed using discrete Gauss-Bonnet theorem, proposing a method to regulate the shape morphing into the targets. Finite element analysis is used to verify the kirigami design framework and shape prediction. Finally, different types of kirigami grippers are fabricated and tested, achieving effective conformation and grasping of typically shaped objects, while exhibiting universal, easily actuated characteristics. These findings contribute to advancing the field of robotic handling and manipulation, particularly in applications requiring gentle and compliant interactions with diverse and specifically delicate objects. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Shape optimization

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Resilient ultrafine fiber sponges with thermal bridge structures for high-temperature traffic noise reduction

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Journal of Colloid and Interface science 2025年 693卷 137634页

作者： Li, Yanzhe Zong, Dingding Sun, Yaning Pang, Shuying Liao, Yalong Liu, Yong Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Advanced Textile Composite Materials School of Textile Science and Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin300387 China Aerospace Institute of Advanced Material & Processing Technology Beijing100074 China

With the expansion of the transportation business, noise pollution has seriously affected human health and quality of life. Vehicles not only generate noise but also release a large amount of heat, existing traffic noise reduction materials have no thermal conductivity and poor low-frequency noise reduction. Herein, thermal bridge structured elastic ultrafine fiber sponges (TBFSs) were constructed in one step through simultaneous high-humidity assisted electrospinning and electrospraying. The thermal bridge structures endow fiber sponges with good thermal conductivity (close to 0.1 W m−1 K−1), increased by 350 % compared with common fiber sponges. More importantly, due to the complex pore channel and the vibration effect of the thermal bridge structures, the TBFSs achieve a high noise reduction coefficient of 0.58, which can reduce the high-temperature white noise by 16.5 dB at 100 °C. Besides, the synergistic effect of elastic polyurethane and heat crosslinking endows TBFSs with good mechanical properties, demonstrating negligible plastic deformation following 100 cycles of compressive loading. The successful development of thermal bridge structures fiber sponges provides a new solution for high-temperature safety noise reduction. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Noise abatement

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A sunflower-inspired nonwoven fabric evaporator for autonomous phototropic tracking and continuous efficient evaporation under sunlight

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Chemical Engineering Journal 2025年 514卷

作者： Lian, Huanxin Ding, Renjie Liu, Zonglin Yan, Qian Chen, He Chen, Yunxiang Fei, Teng Xiong, Jinhua Zheng, Haowen Xue, Fuhua Zhao, Xu Peng, Qingyu He, Xiaodong National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments Center for Composite Materials and Structures Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China Beijing Institute of Aerospace Technology Beijing100074 China

Solar evaporators are widely used for their high energy efficiency, environmental sustainability, fast evaporation rates, and low maintenance costs. However, they often fail to optimally and intelligently harness solar energy. Inspired by the phototropic behavior of sunflowers, we developed a novel solar vapor generation (SVG) device that integrates a flexible deflection structure with a conventional evaporator. In our study, the benchmark evaporation performance under vertical light at a zenith angle of 0° achieved a rate of 3.43 kg·m−2 and an efficiency of 120.90%. However, finite element simulations showed that the highest temperature point dynamically shifts with the sun's position in real conditions, leading to a significant reduction in efficiency for fixed-angle evaporators. To address this, we fabricated a soft, self-adjusting phototropic deflection structure using high-precision direct ink writing, enabling rapid actuation across all azimuth angles (0°to 360°) and zenith angles (−60°to 60°). In practical evaporation scenarios, when the zenith angle reached 60°, the evaporation rate increased by 64.828% compared to fixed-angle evaporators, restoring the rate to 3.087 kg·m−2. This study provides new insights for designing efficient, multifunctional SVG devices, demonstrating the potential of biomimetic phototropic structures to maximize solar energy capture and utilization, particularly in solar-driven water evaporation applications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Deflection (structures)

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The preparation, microstructure, and performance of MoAlB-Si ceramic sintered from combustion-synthesized powder

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Yu, Wanjun Ding, Qizhang Li, Xiangming Zhang, Enliang Han, Wenbo Zheng, Yongting Qi, Yushi School of Environment and Materials Engineering Yantai University Yantai264005 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai264209 China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150080 China

To streamline the preparation process and improve the performance of the MoAlB phase, the technical potential of an ultra-fast combustion synthesis followed by hot pressing to prepare the MoAlB–Si ceramic was investigated. During the combustion process, the Si atoms occupied the Al positions, which forms a Mo(Al,Si)B solid solution phase. Si doping resulted in the effective grain refinement of the hot-pressed MoAlB-Si ceramic. The grain-refined and solid-solution-strengthened MoAlB-Si ceramic exhibits excellent mechanical properties with a compressive strength of 2.63 GPa, flexural strength of 650 MPa, fracture toughness of 7.26 MPa m1/2, and Vickers hardness of 13.32 GPa. At elevated temperatures, a newly formed oxidation-derived dense and continuous layer on the surface prevents the inward diffusion of oxygen and the volatilisation of oxidation products, indicating good oxidation resistance of the MoAlB-Si ceramic. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Compressive strength

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