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Removal of Copper and Lead Ions from Water Using Dopamine-Modified Waste Marine Plastic

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhang, Huiyi Gibb, Stuart W. James, Neil A. Boyd, Kenneth G. Pap, Sabolc Environmental Research Institute UHI North West and Hebrides University of the Highlands and Islands Thurso Caithness ScotlandKW14 7JD United Kingdom State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Plastic waste has been identified as a threat to the marine ecosystem. One concerning aspect is the ability of this waste to bind contaminants and act as a vector for their long-range transport. This study sought to evaluate whether these dual concerns could be converted in to a solution for water treatment by evaluating waste plastic as a potential adsorbent for dissolved metal contaminants. The adsorption capacity of ‘raw’ and ‘functionalised’ waste polypropylene rope was evaluated for the removal of Cu2+and Pb2+ from aqueous media. Functionalisation using dopamine significantly improve the adsorption capacity of plastic ropes for Cu2+ and Pb2+, from 122 and 233 μg/g to 317 and 536 μg/g (40 °C), respectively. Instrumental characterisation indicated the mechanisms of removal to be electrostatic interaction and chelation. Column studies on Cu2+ and Pb2+ revealed that use of plastic adsorbents with activated carbon could enhance the lifetime of the packed media by about 82%. This study was the first to evaluate the potential of marine plastic waste as an adsorbent and results suggest that these materials could be combined with other materials in wastewater treatment systems. The same results re-emphasise the potential of plastic to facilitate transportation of contaminants in the ocean. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adsorption

Insights into the Full Cycling of Oxygen in Vocs Oxidation on Α-Mno2: A Nap-Xps Study

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Luo, Sai Zhao, Xiaoguang Qu, Yakun Wang, Lixin Zhou, Bin Si, Wenzhe Fang, Wei Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd Beijing100083 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Beijing100084 China

α-MnO2-based catalysts are promising materials for VOC oxidation, and understanding how oxygen participates in the reaction is crucial for further improving its catalytic performance. Despite providing many insightful results, oxygen vacancy characterization cannot fully explain the oxygen cycling process, giving sometimes insufficient interpretations. Furthermore, the difficulty in differentiating the effects of multiple structural factors on oxygen capture, activation, and migration makes in situ characterization even more imperative. Under reaction conditions, NAP-XPS enabled us to directly investigate the trend of catalyst elemental migration and change in surface electronic properties. With DFT calculation, EELS, and specially designed O2-TPD characterization, we further demonstrated that activation of molecular oxygen and replenishment of oxygen vacancies affect the catalytic oxidation of several typical VOCs variously. This work deepens the understanding of the intrinsic structure of α-MnO2 and paves the way for the rational development of novel and versatile VOC oxidation catalysts. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： X ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Determination of 27 pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)in water:The benefit of isotope dilution

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 127-136页

作者： Xueqi Fan Jie Gao Wenchao Li Jun Huang Gang Yu State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control(SKJLESPC) Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control(BKLEOC)School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China CSD IDEA(Beijing)Environment Test&Analysis Co. Ltd.Beijing 100192China

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)are a unique group of emerging and nonpersistent *** this study,27 PPCPs in various water samples were extracted by solid phase extraction(SPE),and determined by isotope dilution method using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem triple quadruple mass spectrometer(LC-MS/MS).A total of 27 isotopically labeled standards(ILSs)were applied to correct the concentration of PPCPs in spiked ultrapure water,drinking water,river,effluent and influent *** corrected recoveries were 73%-122%with the relative standard deviation(RSD)<16%,except for *** matrix effect for all kinds of water samples was<22%and the method quantitation limits(MQLs)were 0.45-8.6 ng/*** developed method was successfully applied on environmental water *** SPE extracts of spiked ultrapure water,drinking water,river and wastewater effluent were stored for 70 days,and the ILSscorrected recoveries of 27 PPCPs were obtained to evaluate the correction ability of ILSs in the presence of variety *** recoveries of 27 PPCPs over 70 days were within the scope of 72%-140%with the recovery variation<37%in all *** isotope dilution method seems to be of benefit when the extract has to be stored for long time before the instrument analysis.

关键词： Pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs) Isotopically labeled standard(ILSs) Water Solid-phase extraction(SPE) LC-MS/MS

Identification of important precursors and theoretical toxicity evaluation of byproducts driving cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in chlorination

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第2期14卷 125-137页

作者： Qian-Yuan Wu Yi-Jun Yan Yao Lu Ye Du Zi-Fan Liang Hong-Ying Hu Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental SafetyGraduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteShenzhen 518055China Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control(SMARC)School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Chlorination,the most widely used disinfection process for water treatment,is unfortunately always accompanied with the formation of hazardous disinfection byproducts(DBPs).Various organic matter species,like natural organic matter(NOM)and amino acids,can serve as precursors of DBPs during chlorination but it is not clear what types of organic matter have higher potential *** regulation of DBPs such as trihalomethanes has received much attention,further investigation of the DBPs driving toxicity is *** study aimed to identify the important precursors of chlorination by measuring DBP formation from NOM and amino acids,and to determine the main DBPs driving toxicity using a theoretical toxicity evaluation of contributions to the cytotoxicity index(CTI)and genotoxicity index(GTI).The results showed that NOM mainly formed carbonaceous DBPs(CDBPs),such as trichloromethane,while amino acids mainly formed nitrogenous DBPs(N-DBPs),such as dichloroacetonitrile(DCAN).Among the DBPs,DCAN had the largest contribution to the toxicity index and might be the main driver of *** the precursors,aspartic acid and asparagine gave the highest DCAN concentration(200 g/L)and the highest CTI and ***,aspartic acid and asparagine are important precursors for toxicity and their concentrations should be reduced as much as possible before chlorination to minimize the formation of *** chlorination of NOM,tryptophan,and asparagine solutions with different chlorine doses and reaction times,changes in the CTI and GTI were consistent with changes in the DCAN concentration.

关键词： Chlorination Dichloroacetonitrile Aspartic acid Asparagine Toxicity index

Towards Elevated Perfluorooctanoic Acid (Pfoa) Enrichment in Water: Sequential Liquid-Liquid Extraction Pretreatment for Ion Chromatography Detection

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yang, Yang He, Huan Chen, Yuheng Chen, Baiyang Banayan Esfahani, Ehsan Mohseni, Madjid Xu, Nan Nesterenko, Pavel N. State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518055 China Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z3 Canada Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization School of Environment and Energy Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State University Vorob’evy Gory GSP-3 Moscow119899 Russia

The widespread detection of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in the environment has raised significant concerns. The standard PFOA analytical method relies on expensive solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) instruments, making routine use prohibitive. We herein proposed a cost-effective yet novel enrichment method for determining PFOA at ng/L level. This method entailed a two-step sample preparation process: firstly, PFOA was extracted and enriched using a forward-extraction under acidic conditions, followed by a backward-extraction and enrichment step utilizing alkaline water. The enriched samples were subsequently subjected to a common ion chromatography (IC). Results reveal that maintaining a forward-extraction pH below its pKa value (2.8) is essential, as protonated PFOA proves effective in enhancing the enrichment factor (EF). The challenge lied in driving PFOA from forward-extractant to aqueous backward-extractant due to the decreased hydrophobicity of deprotonated PFOA (log Kow2 = 1.0). In addition, we found that evaporating forward-extractant with alkaline backward-extractant (containing 5% methanol) reduced potential analytical uncertainties associated with PFOA evaporation and sorption. Under optimal conditions, the method achieved a detection limit of 9.2 ng/L and an impressive EF value of 719. Comparison with SPE-LC-MS/MS confirmed the proposed method as a promising alternative for PFOA determination. Although initially targeted for PFOA, the novel methodology is likely applicable to preconcentration of other poly-fluoroalkyl substances. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ion chromatography

Water-Soluble Carbon Nitride as Phase-Convertible Adsorbents for Removing Heavy Metals from Water

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Lan, Huachun Zhang, Shun Zhang, Jieyang Cui, Yuqi Tang, Qingwen An, Xiaoqiang Liu, Huijuan Qu, Jiuhui Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Current adsorption technologies suffer from inferior interfacial mass transfer and slow reaction rate of heterogeneous adsorbents for water decontamination. By far, it remains challenging to explore a solid material with homogeneous dispersion for reusable applications. Herein, we present a proof-of-concept demonstration of using water-soluble carbon nitride (w-C3N4) as a phase-convertible adsorbent, which will combine the advantages of homogeneous adsorption and heterogeneous separation. The w-C3N4 with various hydrophilic and cyano groups exhibit high Pb2+ adsorption capacity of 302.3 mg/L, together with a fast adsorption kinetics (kinetic parameter of 0.3953), which is much better than bulk g-C3N4 and activated carbon adsorbents. After completion of adsorption reaction, simply increasing ionic strength of homogeneous solution avails the separation of soluble adsorbents from water, which can be effectively regenerated by diluted acid. The creative integration of homogeneous and heterogeneous processes provides a new avenue for breaking through the limits in host-guest interactions of current adsorption technologies by reversible phase conversion. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adsorption

Implications for the Mitigation of Extracellular/Intracellular Antibiotic Resistance Genes (Args) and Antibiotic Resistance Pathogenic Bacteria (Arpb) During Swine Manure Anaerobic Fermentation: The Role of Ph

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Yu, Peng Dong, Peiyan Zou, Yina Wang, Hui State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Peking University China

The effects of various initial pH values (i.e., 3, 5, 7, 11) on intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (iARGs and eARGs) and potential microbial hosts carrying ARGs were investigated in the process of anaerobic fermentation of swine manure. The results indicated that under acidic initial fermentation conditions (pH 3 and 5), the removal effect of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) was more pronounced. A network analysis was performed in a fermentation system, and 105 ARGs carried by potential microbial hosts were consistently identified. Further comparisons were made among the potential microbial hosts of ARGs, resulting in the identification of 29 human pathogenic genera. Notably, the removal efficiency of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria (ARPB) is significantly greater under acidic (pH 3 and 5) fermentation conditions than under pH 7 and 11. Acidic conditions can significantly reduce the diversity and abundance of the microbial community, resulting in the elimination of many potential ARG hosts. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antibiotics

A Homogeneous Reagent for Ni2+ Capture from Wastewater: The Fast Removal Kinetics, Phase Transition Mechanism and Impact Evaluation for Aerobic Sludge

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zhang, Shun Miao, Shiyu An, Xiaoqiang Lan, Huachun Liu, Huijuan Qu, Jiuhui Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Heterogeneous process with low mass transfer rate is limited in the treatment of large-volume Ni-contained wastewater. The homogeneous reaction provides a promising strategy to solve this problem, but phase transition process of Ni 2+ removal and its potential impact on activated sludge system are rarely explored. Herein, the Ni 2+ removal efficiency and process were firstly investigated in detail by using S-containing reagents with dithioamino groups. When the dosage of reagent concentration was controlled at 5-10:1(Ni), the Ni 2+ can be rapidly and completely removed within 1 min. Additionally, other coexisting Cu 2+ , Co 2+ , Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ could be synchronously removed with more reagent adding, while the typical organics (e.g. humic/citric acid) in water and high concentration of chemical oxygen demand (3800 mg L -1 ) in actual water, exhibited negligible inhibition for Ni 2+ capture. The phase transition was visually investigated by charge coupled device camera and paticle size change. Experimental characterizations demonstrated that dithioamino groups in capture reagent could efficiently chelate with Ni 2+ , which was validated by theoretical calculations. Vitally, the treatment by reagents cannot affect the nitrification activity of aerobic sludge system through short-term experiment and 29 months of operation while ensuring total Ni removal effect. These findings highlight opportunities for using S-containing organic reagents to remove heavy metal ions from wastewater, particularly in sewage treatment plant with bulky water. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Particle size

Resolving the Contradiction Caused by Water-Lean Solvent Through a Split-Flow Heat Exchange Strategy Toward Efficient Carbon Dioxide Capture

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhan, Guoxiong Yuan, Bingling Duan, Yuanmeng Chen, Zhen Chen, Jianjun Li, Junhua State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Technical University of Denmark Kgs Lyngby2800 Denmark

Amine-based chemisorption technology with water-lean solvent is a promising route towards low-cost CO2 capture. However, the low heat capacity of water-lean solvent makes efficient heat exchange through the traditional technology challenging, causing difficulty solvent regeneration. This paper proposes split-flow heat exchange strategy for CO2-rich solvent to reduce external steam consumption and increase the regeneration temperature. Optimized water-lean amine-based solvent, composed of blend amines and physical solvent, was employed and its CO2 capture performance analyzed for a bench-scale continuous system. A rigorously validated process simulation method is proposed for operational optimization and comprehensive economic, exergy, environment, energy analysis of the capture process on an industrial scale. The experimental and simulation results indicated that the optimal ratio of split-flow was 0.55-0.7, with this ratio resulting in the reflux temperature increasing from 90 to 110 °C. The proportion of total energy duty that went to reaction heat was increased to 80% from 61% in the benchmark case;this increase was ascribed to the synergistic promotion of physical solvent and split-flow heat exchange strategy. The water-lean solvent could operate at a regeneration duty of 2.07 GJ/t CO2 with a total capture cost of US $50.40/t CO2 (27% lower than the benchmark value) from coal-fired flue gas. In summary, the net CO2 reduction can be increased by 32%, taking the utility heat-cold consumption into account. This research indicates a feasible method of taking full advantage of water-lean solvent to achieve efficient CO2 capture. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy utilization