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A 2D Te/Mxene Schottky junction for a self-powered broadband photodetector with high polarization-sensitive imaging

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C 2025年第9期13卷 4642-4650页

作者： Yu, Pingping Kong, Yuqing Yu, Xiaotian Wan, Xi Cao, Fa Jiang, Yanfeng Jiangnan Univ Sch Integrated Circuits Wuxi 214122 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun NJUPT Inst Adv Mat IAM Sch Mat Sci & Engn State Key Lab Organ Elect & Informat Displays Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China

The emerging two-dimensional (2D) material tellurium (Te) is a promising material for polarization-sensitive photodetectors (PDs) due to its narrow bandgap and inherent in-plane anisotropic crystal structure. However, the shortened photocarrier lifetime and large dark current due to the ultra-narrow bandgap and intrinsically high conductivity of Te limit the performance of photodetectors and hinder their further application in photodetection. In this paper, a Te/MXene structure was prepared by spin coating of 2D Ti3C2-MXene on the 2D Te nanosheets (NTs) via a hydrothermal method. The Te/MXene Schottky junction PD enables polarization-sensitive, self-powered and broadband photodetection and imaging. The device exhibits a self-powered optical response from 368 nm to 1006 nm, a maximum responsivity and a specific detectivity of 1.84 A W-1 and 4.83 x 1012 jones, respectively, a switching ratio of 2163, and a fast rise/decay time of 12.2/26.5 ms under 806 nm. The anisotropy ratio of the Te/MXene PD is increased to 4 in comparison to 1.8 of the Te PD, suggesting a notable 2222% improvement in polarization sensitivity features. Due to the in-plane low-symmetry atomic structure of the Te NTs and high absorption capacity of MXene, the fabricated high Te/MXene Schottky junction fast separates the electronic carriers to show excellent properties and polarization sensitivity. The process of creating this novel photodetector may offer a viable way to expand the use of polarization-sensitive photoelectric devices in the future.

关键词： Anisotropy

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High-Sensitivity InGaZnO FET Sensor Array With Offset Self-Calibration for Multibiomarker Sensing

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES 2025年第5期72卷 2740-2746页

作者： Li, Yao Zhou, Yuying Chen, Bing Zhang, Shuaidi Hu, Ke Li, Peiyun Lu, Congyan Wang, Jiawei Yang, Xiaonan Zhang, Feng Zhang, Wenchang Li, Ling Chinese Acad Sci Inst Microelect State Key Lab Fabricat Technol Integrated Circuits Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Integrated Circuits Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Dept Gastroenterol Zhengzhou 450052 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Sch Informat Engn Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China

This work proposes a dual-gate InGaZnO thin-film transistor sensor array for label-free and cross-scale multiple biomarkers detection, including single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) and protein CA125. We exploit dual gate modulation for threshold voltage and CMOS-based SAR-assisted digital-to-analog converter (DAC) V-BG calibration circuit to eliminate initial V-TH offset variation caused by different functionalizations, which improve the reliability of the multibiomarker sensor array. At the same time, receptor enhancement on the indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) sensing membrane was detected by fluorescence assay, realizing higher sensitivity for biosensor. We demonstrate the sensor array response for pH in static and real-time mode, realizing near-Nernst limit sensitivity (55.02 mV/pH). Furthermore, at the top-gate configuration, with low operation voltage (0.1 V) and low offset variation (about 2 nA), the IGZO sensor array exhibits great performance for biomarker sensing which achieves sensitivity up to 4.426%/decade for ssDNA and 1102 nA/decade for CA125, with the limit of detection (LoD) of 1.67 aM for ssDNA and 0.1 fg/mL for CA125. This biosensor array provides a potential approach to realize miniaturization and high-density integration of multidimensional-biomarker detection.

关键词： Sensors Biomarkers Threshold voltage Sensor arrays Logic gates Proteins Electrodes DNA Biosensors Sensitivity Biosensor array indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) multiple-biomarker sensing offset calibration pH sensor thin-film transistors

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On-chip integration and strong coupling between ScAlN thin-film surface acoustic wave resonators and superconducting qubits

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APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 2025年第14期126卷

作者： Chen, Junfeng He, Xiaoliang Gao, Wanpeng Liu, Xiaoyu Niu, Zhengqi Liu, Kuang Peng, Wei Wang, Zhen Lin, Zhi-Rong Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Microsyst & Informat Technol State Key Lab Mat Integrated Circuits Shanghai 200050 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China ShanghaiTech Univ Shanghai 201210 Peoples R China

Thin-film surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices exhibit high quality factors and are promising candidates for quantum transducers, with significant potential for on-chip integration with high-coherence superconducting quantum circuits and optical resonators. However, the experimental demonstration of strong coupling between thin-film SAWs and superconducting qubits in the quantum regime remains a considerable challenge. In this study, we demonstrate strong coupling between a ScAlN thin-film SAW resonator and a high-coherence qubit on the same substrate, where the enhanced qubit coherence was achieved through selective ScAlN etching. Distinct multimode anticrossings are observed in both the qubit and SAW resonator frequency spectra, with extracted coupling strengths closely matching theoretical predictions. Additionally, we investigate qubit decay and the dissipation properties of the SAW resonator in the SAW-qubit hybrid system. Our results confirm the feasibility of integrating thin-film SAW devices with high-coherence superconducting circuits and offer valuable insights for optimizing the performance of such hybrid systems.

关键词： Qubits

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A 225-μW Interference-Tolerant Receiver With Shared Wireless LO and Envelope-Tracking Mixer Achieving-104-dBm Sensitivity

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IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-state circuits 2025年第3期60卷 755-767页

作者： Ren, Heyu Lyu, Liangjian Chen, Binbin Gong, Wenjun Wu, Xing Shi, C. -J. Richard Fudan Univ State Key Lab ASIC & Syst Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Inst Brain Inspired Circuits & Syst Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China East China Normal Univ Sch Integrated Circuits Shanghai 200241 Peoples R China Univ Washington Dept Elect & Comp Engn Seattle WA 98195 USA

This article presents a 915-MHz interference-tolerant receiver (RX) with a shared wireless local oscillator (LO) and an envelope-tracking (ET) mixer for low-power Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks. For applications featuring a large number of RXs, the deployment of a shared wireless LO can enhance the energy efficiency of the system. The proposed ET mixer retrieves phase-following (PF) LO pulses from the wireless LO, aligning them, respectively, with the peak and valley of the radio frequency (RF) input signal. This allows the RX to track the target peak and valley envelopes of the RF input signal, improving mixer gain and conversion quality ( Q ). Moreover, eliminating the integrated LO conserves system power and reduces area. The RX also employs intermediate-frequency (IF) calibration to derive an adaptive IF1 LO based on the uncertain frequency of the wireless LO, thus creating a known IF(2 )with a narrow bandwidth to enhance sensitivity, interference tolerance, and channel selectivity. Fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process, the RX achieves a sensitivity of - 104 dBm with a -50-dBm wireless LO, while occupying 0.2-mm(2 )active area and consuming 225 mu W at a 10-kb/s data rate. The achieved RX figure-of-merit (FOM) is 180 dB. The sensitivity loss is within 10 dB with the wireless LO power ranging from -69 to -30 dBm. With the -50-dBm wireless LO, the RX exhibits 44-and 32-dB tolerances to 100-kb/s and 5-Mb/s on-off-keying (OOK) interference with 5-MHz offset.

关键词： Wireless communication Wireless sensor networks Mixers Radio frequency Sensitivity Interference Calibration Energy efficiency Power demand Impedance Envelope-tracking (ET) mixer interference-tolerant receiver (RX) intermediate-frequency (IF) calibration low area low power wireless local oscillator (LO)

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Nucleoside hydrogel-modified cell subtype biosensor with antifouling and electroconductive properties

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TALANTA 2025年 285卷 127383页

作者： Zhang, Xinying Zhou, Xiaoqian Huang, Dongyang Chen, Yingying Zhang, Qiang Li, Zhenzhen Feng, Lingyan Shanghai Univ Mat Genome Inst Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Integrated Circuits & Adv Di Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China Shanghai Univ Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Organ Repair Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Integrated Circuits & Adv Di Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Changchun Inst Appl Chem State Key Lab Electroanalyt Chem Changchun 130022 Jilin Peoples R China

The point-of-care testing (POCT) of electrochemical biosensors is hindered by biofouling and signal sensitivity. Sometimes the antifouling strategies were used by decreasing the electroconductivity. Addressing the conductivity-antifouling trade-off in electrochemical sensors, we synthesized a novel conductive and antifouling nucleoside hydrogel (C-Ag-C hydrogel). Modified electrodes with this hydrogel exhibited superior recognition of microRNA-21 and microRNA-122, enabling the identification of hepatocellular carcinoma cell subtypes. Utilizing six-channel screen-printed electrodes, we constructed a biosensor with the potential for POCT of cancer cell subtypes.

关键词： Nucleoside hydrogel Cell subtype Electrochemical Logic gate biosensors

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Inhibition Efficiency of Cholesterol Monohydrate Crystallization by Linoleic Acid and Ethyl Linoleate

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CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2025年第6期25卷 1923-1931页

作者： Qu, Yaqian Wang, Lei Li, Huimin Zhao, Hanlin Yao, Changlin Xie, Guanying Song, Shuhong Han, Peizhuo Wang, Hongshuai Tao, Xutang Shandong Univ State Key Lab Crystal Mat Jinan 250100 Peoples R China Ludong Univ Sch Phys & Photoelect Engn Yantai 264025 Peoples R China Ludong Univ Coll Integrated Circuits Yantai 264025 Peoples R China Pacific Northwest Natl Lab Richland WA 99352 USA

Inhibiting the crystallization of cholesterol monohydrate (ChM) crystals is crucial for preventing the progression of high cholesterol symptoms into gallstones and atherosclerosis. In recent years, cholesterol-lowering functional substances containing linoleic acid (LA) or its analogue ethyl linoleate (EL) have emerged as promising alternatives to pharmaceuticals, offering similar functions without the associated side effects. In this study, the impact of LA or EL on the crystallization of ChM crystals was investigated. The results demonstrated that both additives effectively prolonged the nucleation induction time of ChM crystals and therefore inhibited the nucleation of ChM crystals. However, the nucleation inhibition efficiency of LA on ChM nucleation was higher than that of EL. This difference is due to the stronger interaction of LA containing carboxyl groups with the cholesterol molecules in the solution than that of EL containing ester groups. Furthermore, the growth kinetics of ChM crystals were revealed by an in situ optical microscope. The results illustrated that the growth rate of ChM crystals along [010] and [100] directions decreased in the presence of LA or EL. Along the [010] direction, the growth inhibition efficiency of LA was always higher than that of EL. This is because the binding between LA with carboxyl groups and the hydroxyl groups exposed on the (010) face of the ChM crystals was stronger than those of ester groups in EL. Meanwhile, along the [100] direction, the growth inhibition efficiency of EL is always higher than that of LA. This is because EL binds to the exposed methyl groups on the (100) face of the ChM crystals primarily through van der Waals forces and other noncovalent interactions, enhancing the growth inhibition efficiency on the (100) face of ChM crystals. These binding modes have been confirmed by molecular simulation. This study not only demonstrated the importance of the molecular structure of additives in modulating ChM

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Divergent spatiotemporal signatures characterize impaired facial emotional recognition in major depressive disorder: An event-related microstate study

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JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS 2025年 381卷 281-290页

作者： Liu, Yafei Dong, Ke Sun, Limin Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Microsyst & Informat Technol SIMIT State Key Lab Funct Mat Integrated Circuits Shanghai 200050 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Microsyst & Informat Technol SIMIT Shanghai Key Lab Superconductor Integrated Circuit Shanghai 200050 Peoples R China Shanghai Univ Sch Microelect Shanghai 201800 Peoples R China

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic affective mental disorder with intricate neuropathological characteristics. Microstate analysis has proved its ability to reveal the relatively stable features in a specific brain process. However, the relationship between event-related microstate networks and affective dysfunctions in patients with MDD is not well known. Methods: The 128-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) data from 24 MDD patients and 29 healthy controls (HCs) with facial emotion recognition (FER) tasks were used in this study. The analysis encompassed both event-related microstate parameters and specific microstate network metrics. The microstate parameters included Mean Global Field Power (mGFP), Mean Duration (mDur), Time Coverage (TC), and Segment Count Density (SegD). The network metrics evaluated were the clustering coefficient (CC), path length (Lp), global efficiency (Eg), and local efficiency (Eloc). Results: Three event-related microstates (MS-P1, MS-N170, and MS-P2) were estimated. Compared with HCs, the MDD patients showed significantly increased mGFP in MS-P1 with the sad emotion and decreased microstate parameters in MS-P2 with happy (mDur and TC) and sad (SegD and TC) emotions. Correlation results showed that MS-P1 with the sad emotion was positively related to clinical outcomes. MS-P2 with happy and sad emotions negatively correlated with clinical scores. Additionally, the microstate networks confirmed that MDD patients had decreased network efficiency of the happy emotion in MS-P1 while increased efficiency in dealing with the negative emotion in MS-P2. Conclusions: By analyzing event-related microstates and brain networks, we provided a novel approach to demonstrate the divergent patterns for FER processing and the atypical dynamic coordination and integration of affective mechanisms underlying emotional deficits in MDD.

关键词： Major depressive disorder Facial emotion recognition EEG Event-related microstate Dynamic networks

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Growth of CdTe films on patterned graphene/Ge (100) by molecular beam epitaxy

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APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 2025年第13期126卷

作者： Zhang, Yanhui Jiang, Haitao Yang, Zaihong Fan, Liuyan Zhang, Ziteng Zhou, Can Zhou, Xiaohao Chen, Pingping Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Tech Phys State Key Lab Infrared Phys Shanghai 200083 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Microsyst & Informat Technol State Key Lab Mat Integrated Circuits Shanghai 200050 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci 19 Yuquan Rd Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Growth on patterned graphene/Ge provides a route to improve the film quality of large mismatch heteroepitaxy and simultaneously facilitate the transfer of epitaxial films;however, the growth process and its associated technical challenges remain unclear. In this work, the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of CdTe films on micro-scale patterned strip-like graphene/Ge (100), containing selective area epitaxy (SAE) of CdTe seeds on exposed Ge and the merging process of CdTe seeds, were systematically investigated. The effects of growth temperature on the SAE of CdTe seeds were studied in detail, and a growth model of the CdTe seeds was proposed. Additionally, we examined the morphology and crystal quality of CdTe films at different growth stages, identifying the suppression of CdTe nucleation on graphene during the CdTe seed growth and merging as a key challenge to obtain high-quality films on patterned graphene/Ge.

关键词： Epitaxial films

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Timing-Skew Calibration Techniques in Time-Interleaved ADCs

IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF THE SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS SOCIETY

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IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF THE SOLID-state circuits SOCIETY 2025年 5卷 1-10页

作者： Gu, Mingyang Tao, Yunsong Zhong, Yi Jie, Lu Sun, Nan Tsinghua Univ Dept Elect Engn Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ State Key Lab Space Network & Commun Beijing Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Sch Integrated Circuits Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

Time-interleaved (TI) analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are a widely used architecture in high-speed ADCs. With the growing demand for higher sampling rates, time interleaving plays an increasingly important role. However, imperfections introduced by time interleaving, particularly timing skew, significantly limit the ADC performance. This article presents a comprehensive review of timing skew and its calibration techniques in TI ADCs. It covers the fundamentals of time interleaving, the principle of timing skew, and general considerations of timing-skew calibration. Moreover, it categorizes existing calibration techniques into three types: 1) autocorrelation-based;2) reference-channel-based;and 3) reference-signal-based, and provides detailed analyses.

关键词： Calibration Timing Clocks Bandwidth Jitter Time-domain analysis Threshold voltage Standards Delay lines Accuracy Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) calibration time-interleaved (TI) ADC timing skew timing-skew calibration

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Large Spin Hall Efficiency and Current-Induced Magnetization Switching in Ferromagnetic Heusler Alloy Co2MnAl-Based Magnetic Trilayers

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ADVANCED SCIENCE 2025年第4期12卷 e2407171页

作者： Wang, Mingzhi Pan, Chang Xie, Nian Qiu, Xuepeng Li, Yufei Lang, Lili Wang, Shiqiang Cheng, Dashuai Fan, Weijia Zhou, Shi-Ming Shi, Zhong Tongji Univ Shanghai Key Lab Special Artificial Microstruct Ma Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Sch Phys Sci & Engn Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Microsyst & Informat Technol State Key Lab Mat Integrated Circuits Shanghai 200050 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Mat Phys Inst Solid State Phys Hefei 230031 Peoples R China

The spin Hall efficiency (xi) is a crucial parameter that evaluates the charge-to-spin conversion capability of a material, and thus materials with higher xi are highly desirable in spin-orbit torque (SOT) devices. Recent studies have highlighted the use of ferromagnetic materials as robust spin sources, paving the way for the development of more efficient SOT devices. To accelerate this innovation, it is essential to pursue ferromagnetic materials of high xi. Here the experimental observation of a large spin Hall efficiency is reported in ferromagnetic Heusler alloy Co2MnAl (CMA)-based magnetic trilayers. Utilizing the current-induced hysteresis loop shift technique, the spin Hall efficiency is determined to be 0.077 for the B2-phase and 0.029 for the disordered CMA. Notably, magnetization switching both with and without the application of an external auxiliary magnetic field were achieved in these trilayers. The enhancement of xi is attributed to the formation of chemical ordering in CMA. These findings provide new avenues for the development of ferromagnet-based SOT devices.

关键词： heusler alloy spin-orbit torque spintronics

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