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Susceptibility of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to heart rate difference associated with the short-term exposure to metals in ambient fine particles:A panel study in Beijing,China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第2期65卷 387-397页

作者： Ke Gao Xi Chen Xiaoying Li Hanxiyue Zhang Mengxiao Luan Yuan Yao Yifan Xu Teng Wang Yiqun Han Tao Xue Junxia Wang Mei Zheng Xinghua Qiu Tong Zhu State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control and Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Green Research Inspection and Certification Co. Ltd.Institute of Building Research Co.Ltd.in ShenzhenShenzhen 518071China Medical Research Council Centre for Environment and HealthImperial College LondonDepartment of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsLondon W21PGUK Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Susceptibility of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)to cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction asso-ciated with exposure to metals in ambient fine particles(PM2.5,particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter≤2.5µm)remains poorly *** on the COPDB(COPD in Beijing)panel study,we aimed to compare the associations of heart rate(HR,an indicator of cardiovascular autonomic function)and exposure to metals in PM2.5 between 53 patients with COPD and 82 healthy controls by using linear mixed-effects *** all participants,the HR levels were significantly associated with interquartile range increases in the average concentrations of Cr,Zn,and Pb,but the strength of the associations differed by exposure time(from 1.4%for an average 9 days(d)Cr exposure to 3.5%for an average 9 d Zn exposure).HR was positively associated with the average concentrations of PM2.5 and certain metals only in patients with *** between HR and exposure to PM2.5,K,Cr,Mn,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,and Se in patients with COPD significantly differed from those in health ***,association between HR and Cr exposure was robust in COPD *** conclusion,our findings indicate that COPD could exacerbate difference in HR following exposure to metals in PM2.5.

关键词： metal in fine particles chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) susceptibility heart rate cardiovascular auto-nomic function

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Impact of Anthropogenic and Natural Constituents on Particulate Matter in Oases Cities on the Southern Margin of the Taklimakan Desert Based on Merra-2 and Multi-Site Ground Observation

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yu, Hao Wang, Jing Geng, Chunmei Yang, Wen Wang, Xinhua Yin, Baohui Gu, Chao Gao, Shuang Chen, Li Bai, Zhipeng State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control Ministry of Education Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control School of Environment Henan Normal University Henan Xinxiang453007 China The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region environmental monitoring station Xinjiang Urumchi830011 China School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences Tianjin Normal University Tianjin300387 China

Dust is one of the main source of atmospheric particulate matter (PM). The impact of natural and anthropogenic activities on the source of dust has complicated the estimation of the contribution of natural dust to atmospheric PM. Therefore, determining the role of natural dust in PM is currently an important scientific challenge. In order to investigate the impact of dust on PM, we collected 300 PM filter-samples across five oasis cities on the southern edge of the Taklimakan Desert in 2016. Further, the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2) data was used to quantify the contribution of natural dust to PM on sand dust and non-sand dust days. On sand dust days, CaSO4 and Na2SO4 were directly emitted from surface dust, leading to higher sulfate concentrations in PM. In contrast, the SO42- concentration was significantly affected by anthropogenic activities on non-sand dust days. Further, the particle size distribution of mineral dust in Taklimakan dust aerosols was relatively stable. The increase in the proportions of organic carbon - OC1 and OC2 was attributed to the mixed anthropogenic pollution during sand dust days, while automotive composite emissions and coal combustion were the main sources of elemental carbon - EC1 on non-sand dust days. Based on the results of MERRA-2 reanalysis data, natural dust constituted 53% and 70% of the total PM2.5 and PM10, respectively, on sand dust days. Our study elucidated the impact of dust on PM by measuring the contribution of natural dust under different weather conditions and identifying potential sources of PM in oasis cities. This study provides theoretical support for PM prevention and assessment of natural dust in oasis cities. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Particle size

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Recent advances in the fixed-electrode capacitive deionization (CDI): Innovations in electrode materials and applications

Environmental Functional Materials

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environmental Functional Materials 2023年第3期2卷 290-303页

作者： Zhao Song Yidi Chen Nanqi Ren Xiaoguang Duan State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 PR China School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia

Conventional capacitive deionization (CDI), originally developed as a promising desalination technique based on the formation of electric double layers (EDLs) at the surface of porous electrodes, has recently shown significant advancements. Notably, the utilization of pseudocapacitive electrodes has demonstrated the capability to enhance salt adsorption capacity (SAC) and selectivity of specific ions. This comprehensive review encapsulates the latest research endeavored in CDI, with an emphasis on electrode materials and their role in augmenting SAC. The development of electrode materials has broadened the scope of CDI applications on the water and wastewater treatment and resource recovery. Hence, we also evaluated the manifold applications of CDI, including resource recovery (e.g., lithium, phosphate and nitrate), anion removal (e.g., fluoride, sulfate, chromium and arsenic), water softening, and the removal of heavy metals (e.g., nickel, cesium, lead, copper, cadmium and chromium) in addition to the water desalination. Lastly, we provide a forward-looking perspective on forthcoming research directions and potential developments within the realm of CDI technology.

关键词： Capacitive deionization Electrode materials Resource recovery Water and wastewater treatment

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The elevation of salinity above 1% deteriorated nitrification performance and reshaped nitrifier community of an MBR: An often overlooked factor in the treatment of high-strength ammonium wastewater

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Chemosphere 2023年第1期335卷 139072页

作者： Zou, Jie Zhang, Kaoming Wang, Sifang Li, Mingji Wang, Zijia Wang, Shu Li, Yangkai Deng, Yuepeng Li, Xiuying Wang, Depeng Yang, Yunhua Feng, Yiping Hu, Chun Wang, Zhu Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta Ministry of Education Guangzhou University Guangzhou510006 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China

The effects of synchronous variations of influent salinity with the elevation of NH4+-N concentration on nitrification performance and microbial community structure of bioreactor are often ignored. In this study, we investigated the dynamic response of nitrifying activated sludge to synchronously increased salinity and ammonia loading rate (ALR) in a nitrification membrane bioreactor (MBR). We found that the increase in influent salinity above 1% (from 0.91 to 1.32%) led to the deterioration of the nitrification performance of the MBR. The combined inhibition effect of salinity (1.32%), free ammonia (FA, an average of 1.37 mg/L), and free nitrous acid (FNA, an average of 0.155 mg/L) on nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) resulted in long-term (35 days) nitrite accumulation. The further increase of salinity and ALR exhibited little influence on the nitrification performance of MBR after the activated sludge had adapted to high salinity (>1%), effective nitrification performance was achieved at high ALR up to 1.71 kg NH4+-N/m3·d and high salinity (2.13%). The microbial analysis showed that the elevated salinity and accumulation of FNA reshaped the microbial community structure of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and NOB. The dominant species of AOB and NOB shifted from the salinity-resistant species Nitrosomonas aestuarii to the species Nitrosomonas mobilis with dual resistant to salinity and FNA, and from non-salinity-resistant species Candidatus Nitrospira defluvii to salinity-resistant species Nitrobacter winogradskyi and Nitrospira marina, respectively. Therefore, the salinity of 1% may be a critical level for the nitrification performance and the shift in the nitrifier community of activated sludge without salinity acclimation. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Bioreactors

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Enhancing Cadmium Uptake in Rice Grains Through Chloride Intervention: Field-Based Investigations and Perspectives

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Guo, Jingxia Ge, Chenghao Abulimiti, Madinai Hu, Cong Wang, Guo Zhou, Dongmei State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China College of Resource and Environmental Science Soil Environmental Health and Regulation Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou350002 China

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in rice ecosystems poses substantial threats to global food security and ecological integrity. This study examines the effect of chloride (Cl-) addition on the dynamics of Cd in soil and rice plants. Our findings indicated that Cl- addition markedly decreased soil pH, increased Eh, and facilitated the formation of Cl-Cd complexes, resulting in enhancing the solubility, mobility, and bioavailability of Cd. Furthermore, Cl- addition also led to considerable reductions in DTPA-extractable iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn), which indirectly boosted Cd uptake by rice roots, ranging from 17.4% to 65.0%, through the upregulation of transport genes OsNramp1 and OsNramp5, and decreased iron plaque formation by 23.1% to 27.2%. Additionally, Cl- stimulated Cd transport form roots to shoots by upregulating the OsHMA2 gene, enhancing Cd accumulation in rice tissues and facilitating its translocation across plant compartments, ultimately resulting in elevated Cd levels in brown rice (41.3%~76.1%). Field trials have substantiated that Cl- application significantly enhanced Cd absorption in rice plants cultivated in slightly acid and Cd-contaminated soils, implying introducing Cl- exacerbates the risk of Cd accumulation in rice grains. Consequently, to safeguard food safety and protect ecological health, the use of Cl-containing materials in agricultural practices should be avoided. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biochemistry

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Fe-MOFs nanosheets for photo-Fenton degradation of carbamazepine

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Chemosphere 2024年 364卷 143240页

作者： Sun, Siyu Hu, Youyou Li, Zhengkui State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension Station Shanghai200433 China

Iron(II)-based metal organic framework (Fe(II)-MOF) nanosheets have emerged as promising candidates for photo-Fenton catalysis. However, efficiently synthesizing Fe(II)-MOF nanosheets remains a significant challenge. Here, a bottom-up synthesis strategy is proposed to prepare two-dimensional Fe-MOF nanosheets (TFMN) with micrometer lateral dimensions and nanometer thickness, featuring Fe(II) as the metal nodes. The application of TFMN in the photo-Fenton degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ) demonstrates remarkable CBZ degradation performance and excellent efficiency across a wide range of pH values. The electron density and density of states are further calculated by density functional theory. Mechanism analysis identifies h+, •OH and •O2− as the predominant active species contributing to the catalytic oxidation process in the Vis/TFMN/H2O2 system. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Metal-Organic Frameworks

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Investigation of the common intermediates over Fe-ZSM-5 in NH 3-SCR reaction at low temperature by in situ DRIFTS

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2020年第8期32卷 32-39页

作者： Xiaoyan Shi Yingjie Wang Yulong Shan Yunbo Yu Hong He State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

The surface species formed in the reaction of NO and NO2 with pre-adsorbed NH 3 over a Fe-ZSM-5 catalyst(1.27 wt.%Fe,SiO2/Al2O3=25)at low temperature(140°C)were studied by in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS).Through using a background spectrum of NH3-saturated Fe-ZSM-5,we clearly observed the formation of common intermediates resulting from the reaction of NO2 or NO+O2 with pre-adsorbed *** presents strong evidence that the oxidation of NO to form surface nitrates and nitrites is the key step for standard SCR at low *** addition,the results suggest that in the SCR reaction at low temperature,the NH^4+ions absorbed on Brønsted acid sites are less active than NH3 adsorbed on Lewis acid sites related to Fe species.

关键词： Fe-ZSM-5 NH 3-SCR SCR mechanism Intermediates In situ DRIFTS

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Modified Lamno3 Perovskite Oxide as Nox Storage and Reduction Catalyst For Emission control of Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zou, Yingtong Xu, Guangyan An, Yingsheng Zhang, Mengyuan Sun, Yanwei Liu, Zhi Yu, Yunbo He, Hong State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen361021 China Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of Sciences Ganzhou341000 China

As a flagship of zero-carbon emission in transportation, hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles alleviate global warming pressure but are still restricted by high nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission. A promising approach to reduce NOx emission is NOx storage and reduction (NSR) technique by using on-board H2 as a reductant. As the new generation of NSR catalyst, La-based perovskite oxides are plagued by small specific surface area and poor reactivity, thus restricting their usability. Here, we proposed to simply fabricate porous LaMnO3 perovskite oxide via Pechini method (PC) with the addition of pore-forming agent, Pluronic 123 (P123). The modified LaMnO3 catalyst (LMO-PC-P) obtained by PC-P method exhibited large special surface area and abundant oxygen vacancies. Such structure feature not only provided more active sites for NOx storage but also facilitated NO oxidation via forming hyponitrite (N2O22-) rapidly on defective surface in fuel-lean condition. As a result, an excellent static NOx storage capability (NSC) was achieved, with a maximum NSC value of 205 μmol/g. Over the LMO-PC-P sample, meanwhile, desorption of NOx in fuel-rich mode was promoted, thus benefiting the regeneration of active sites. In dynamic NSR test, LMO-PC-P could achieve 82% total NOx conversion with high effectiveness at 350 oC. This study presented a convenient and practical approach for preparing porous and defective NSR perovskite oxide catalysts for NOx emission control of hydrogen internal combustion engines. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nitrogen oxides

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Treatment of high concentration phenol wastewater by low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation and long-term pilot scale study

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Chemosphere 2025年 370卷 143937页

作者： Sun, Haohao Li, Jie Zhang, Yunian Zhuang, Lu Zhou, Zhou Ren, Yanfang Xu, Xia He, Junyu Xue, Yingang School of Environmental Science and Engineering Changzhou University Jiangsu Changzhou213164 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing China College of Urban Construction Changzhou University Jiangsu Changzhou213164 China

Acoustic cavitation is an advanced, eco-friendly oxidation technology effective in removing organic pollutants from water. However, research on its use for degrading phenol, a common and challenging phenolic pollutant, is limited. This study explores the optimal conditions for phenol degradation using acoustic cavitation and assesses its practical application through extensive pilot tests. Results from batch tests show that low-frequency (15 kHz) ultrasonic cavitation effectively treats high concentrations of phenol (1000 mg L−1). Aeration and acidic pH enhance removal efficiency, while alkaline conditions inhibit degradation. Analysis of total organic carbon (TOC), degradation products, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) reveals that the primary intermediates are substituted benzenes and alkanes. Long-term pilot tests demonstrated the device's effectiveness in phenol removal and its operational stability over 180 days. The study also establishes a relationship between removal efficiency, hydraulic retention time (HRT), and operating costs, highlighting the feasibility of low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation for treating high-concentration phenolic wastewater and its potential role in the pretreatment stage of biochemical processes. © 2024

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Assessing mechanisms for microbial taxa and community dynamics using process models

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mLife 2023年第3期2卷 239-252页

作者： Linwei Wu Yunfeng Yang Daliang Ning Qun Gao Huaqun Yin Naija Xiao Benjamin YZhou Si Chen Qiang He Jizhong Zhou Institute of Ecology Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina Institute for Environmental Genomics University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangshaChina Department of Mathematics Lunt HallNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA Earth and Environmental Sciences Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA School of Computer Science University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA

Disentangling the assembly mechanisms controlling community composition,structure,distribution,functions,and dynamics is a central issue in *** various approaches have been proposed to examine community assembly mechanisms,quanti-tative characterization is challenging,particularly in microbial ***,we present a novel approach for quantitatively delineating community assembly mechanisms by combining the consumer–resource model with a neutral model in stochastic differential *** time-series data from anaerobic bioreactors that target microbial 16S rRNA genes,we tested the applicability of three ecological models:the consumer–resource model,the neutral model,and the combined *** results revealed that model performances varied substantially as a function of population abundance and/or process *** combined model performed best for abundant taxa in the treatment bioreactors where process conditions were *** contrast,the neutral model showed the best performance for rare *** analysis further indicated that immigration rates decreased with taxa abundance and com-petitions between taxa were strongly correlated with phylogeny,but within a certain phylogenetic distance *** determinism underlying taxa and community dynamics were quantitatively assessed,showing greater determinism in the treatment bioreactors that aligned with the subsequent abnormal system *** its mechanistic basis,the framework developed here is expected to be potentially applicable beyond microbial ecology.

关键词： community assembly mechanisms consumer-resource model neutral model species dynamics

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