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Influences of charge properties and hydrophobicity on the coagulation of inorganic and organic matters from water associated with starch-based coagulants*

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CHEMOSPHERE 2022年 298卷 134346页

作者： Hu, Xinyu Hu, Pan Yang, Hu [a]State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 PR China [b]Quanzhou Institute for Environmental Protection Industry Nanjing University Beifeng Road Quanzhou 362000 PR China

In this work, two series of binary graft cationic starch-based coagulants (CS-DMCs and CS-DMLs) with different hydrophobicities and charge densities (CDs) were prepared by graft copolymerization of acrylamide with 2-(methacryloyloxy)-N,N,N- trimethylethanaminium chloride and acryloyloxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, respectively, on the starch (St) backbone. Kaolin particles, sodium humate (NaHA), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were used as the simulated sources of inorganic colloidal particles and different organic pollutants in the micropolluted turbid surface water. The influences of the CD and hydrophobicity associated with the Stbased coagulants on the removal of kaolin particles, NaHA, and BSA from single, binary, and ternary pollutant aqueous systems were investigated systematically. On the basis of the apparent coagulation performance, the floc characteristics, and the zeta potentials of the supernatants after coagulation, the coagulation mechanisms associated with the structural features of the St-based coagulants and the pollutants treated were explored and discussed in detail. The St-based coagulants with a higher CD and a stronger hydrophobicity showed better coagulation performance due to the synergistic effects of charge neutralization and hydrophobic association. The maximum efficiencies of the optimized St-based coagulant in removal of Kaolin, NaHA and BSA were 93.85%, 100% and 97.52% in their respective single pollutant systems. In addition to these simulated water samples, a real micropolluted turbid surface water tested and compared, further confirming the superiority of the hydrophobically modified cationic St-based coagulants, especially in the purification of organic pollutants in water.

关键词： Starch-based coagulants Charge properties Hydrophobicity Dissolved organic matters Turbidity Coagulation mechanism

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The Occurrence Characteristics, Removal Efficiency, and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sewage Sludges from Across China

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Lv, Nan Wang, Bingqing Wang, Hui Xiao, Tingting Dong, Bin Xu, Zuxin State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center China Three Gorges Corporation Beijing100038 China

Sewage sludge is considered to be an important sink for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and the potential risks from sludge contaminated with PAHs during land application has attracted attention. To identify the priority PAHs for control and enhance their removal from sludge, the occurrence characteristics, removal efficiency, and risk assessment of PAHs in sewage sludges from across China were analyzed. The results showed that 16 PAHs were widely detected in Chinese sewage sludge with total amounts (∑16PAHs) between 0.18 and 45.83 mg/kg dw. Fossil fuel, coal, and biomass combustion are the main anthropogenic sources of PAHs in China. In general, phenanthrene (PHE), anthracene (ANT), fluorescein (FL), chrysene (CHR), pyrene (PYR), and benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF) are regarded as the main components and PAHs with 3–5 rings dominate (84.01%–91.53%) sewage sludge in China. Although aerobic composting and anaerobic treatment significantly improve ∑16PAHs removal, sludge stabilization treatment only reduced the risk by a small amount, especially for high-molecular-weight (HMW) PAHs. The PAHs benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (DahA) are proposed as the priority control contaminants for sewage sludge in China because they have consistently high-risk quotient (RQ) values of 2.42–7.47, 1.28–3.16, 1.06–1.83 before and after sludge stabilization, respectively. More attention should be paid to BaA, BbF, benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), BaP, DahA, and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IcdP) in Beijing;ANT, BaA, and BaP in Shanghai;and BaA and BaP in Guanghzou. Although the toxic equivalent quotient (TEQ) for PAHs met the limit concentration requirements of the national standard, the potential health risks due to long-term exposure to HMW PAHs cannot be ignored because the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) was consistently in the risk threshold range (> 1×10–6). Some suggestions on enhanced treatment app

关键词： Sewage sludge

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Construction of Antimicrobial Peptides/Alginate Multilayers Modified Membrane: Antibiofouling Performance and Mechanisms

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Chen, Yanrui Zhang, Xingran Li, Fang Ma, Jinxing Wang, Zhiwei College of Environmental Science and Engineering Textile pollution controlling Engineering Centre of Ministry of Ecology and Environment Donghua University Shanghai201620 China Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education School of Ecology Environment and Resources Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China

Biofouling remains to be one of major obstacles for membrane-based technology in water and wastewater treatment, calling for the development of antibiofouling membranes. For the traditional release-killing strategy, uncontrollable release of biocides and thus a short lifetime as well as the potentially environmental risk are thorny issues for the modified membranes. Herein, hydrophilic hydrogel multilayers with controllable thickness at nanometer scale on a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) microfiltration membrane were constructed via layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly of non-drug-resistant antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and alginate. The AMPs/alginate multilayers modified membranes exhibited enhanced hydrophilicity, well-controlled pore size distribution and prominent antimicrobial ability against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The strong interaction of AMPs and alginate imparted by the gel network enabled the slow release rate of AMPs in water phase (i.e., 1.79 ± 0.07 μg/cm2 d of initial release rate and 0.55 ± 0.03 μg/cm2 d of steady release rate). Long-term antibiofouling tests showed that the AMPs/alginate modified membranes with ten multilayers (MSA10) exhibited a significantly reduced transmembrane pressure increase rate of 0.81 ± 0.01 kPa/d which was much lower than that of the control membranes (1.80 ± 0.20 kPa/d). Furthermore, the AMPs/alginate multilayers modified membranes revealed high stability suffering from long-term operation and chemical cleaning cycles. The novel AMP/alginate-incorporated modifying method provides a new dimension to enhance antibiofouling performance of membranes for water and wastewater treatment. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Peptides

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A Win-Win Marriage of Modified Zero-Valent Iron and Hbcd-Degrading Bacteria Enhances the Treatment of Real Wastewater by Activated Sludge

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Li, Tianyu He, Yuzhe Zhang, Weixian Peng, Xingxing South China Agricultural University China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology Guangzhou510275 China Tongji University College of Environmental Science & Engineering State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse Shanghai200092 China

Based on the research foundation of the functional strain Citrobacter sp. Y3 and modified nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) coupling system, we designed and constructed a new anaerobic continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) system for the treatment of actual wastewater in this study. HBCD-containing wastewater and actual domestic sewage were fed into this CSTR system. While continuously monitoring the change of HCBD concentration in 360 h, we also pay attention to the removal of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The results revealed that the HBCD degradation rate reached 100% after 72 h in the CSTR system, and the removal of other nutrients reached the discharge standard. The CSTR system significantly enriched various functional bacterial strains carrying multiple functional genes, such as organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) (rdhA/B, PecA/B, etc.), iron-reducing bacteria (IRB) (cymA, fur, etc.), and nitrogen and phosphorus removal bacteria (nxrA/B, nirA/B, and pstA/B/C, etc.). There was cooperation and competition among multiple microbial communities within the reactor, and cooperate to complete the decomposition and transformation of pollutants. This is the first exploration of coupling functional bacterial with modified nanomaterials for application in activated sludge. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Recycling Waste Iron-Rich Algal Flocs as Cost-Effective Biochar Activator for Heterogeneous Fenton-Like Reaction Towards Tetracycline Degradation: Important Role of Iron Species and Moderately Defective Structures

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Xia, Wei Lia, Sha Wu, Genyu Ma, Jiangya School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Anhui University of Technology Anhui Maanshan243002 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Anhui University of Technology China

Harvesting aquatic harmful algal blooms (HABs) and reusing them is a promising way for antibiotic degradation. Herein, a novel iron-rich algal-based biochar (Fe-ABC), derived from algal flocs formed by magnetic coagulation, was successfully designed and fabricated as activator for heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction. The modification methods and pyrolysis temperatures (400 °C–800 °C) were optimized to enhance the formation of rich iron species and moderately defective structure, concluding that Fe-ABC-600 showed enhanced charge storage and electron transfer capability. Thus, Fe-ABC-600 exhibited superior removal efficiency (95.33%) on tetracycline (TC), where the presence of multiple iron species (Fe3+, Fe2+ and Fe4+) and moderately defective structure accelerating the Fenton-like oxidation catalyzed by Fe2+, and the heterogeneous Fenton-like system always maintained >0.2 mg/L of iron ions in five cycles, ensuring the sustained degradation. And OH was proved to be the major radical contributing to the degradation of TC, as well as the direct electron transfer mechanism together, in which the C=O acted as electron regulator and electron donor. Fe-ABC as a cost-effective catalyst has notable application potentials in TC removal from wastewater owing to its remarkable advantages of high resource utilization, enhanced catalytic property, high ecological safe, notable TC degradation efficiency, low cost and environmental-friendliness. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic separation

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Carbon-Based Materials for Low Concentration CO2 Capture and Electrocatalytic Reduction

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Hu, Yanxi Ding, Yangyang Xie, Liangyiqun Li, Hanyu Jiang, Yujing Gong, Ke Zhang, Aidi Zhu, Wenlei Wang, Yuanyuan State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science The Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Engineering Research Center of Functional Polymer Membrane Materials of Jiangsu Province Nanjing Bready Advanced Materials Technology Co Ltd 8 Baoding Road Nanjing211103 China

The gradual increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere has been recognized as a significant problem for humankind. CO2 flue gas is one of the most apparent contributing sources of emissions. CO2 capture and conversion are environmental-friendly and efficient ways to reduce atmospheric emissions of carbon dioxide from flue gases. Considering the traditional expensive gas purification process of low-concentration CO2, the low-cost capturing and electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECR) at low concentration by newly-developed carbon-based materials provide an attractive approach to convert low-concentration CO2 in flue gas into high-value fuels and chemicals. Developing and integrating carbon-based capturing and catalytic materials with an understanding of the mechanism has a promising future and will promote this technology toward practical application. This review describes recent progress in the design, preparation, and structural characterization of existing carbon-based materials for the capture and catalysis of low-concentration CO2. The crucial factors of capturing and catalysis performance of all the carbon-based materials are also summarized. Furthermore, the review presents problems and challenges of existing research and envisions research directions. We also discuss the prospects of the industrialization of low-concentration CO2 capture and ECR. The remaining technological challenges and future directions for the enhancement and application of carbon-based materials for CO2 capture and electrocatalytic reduction are highlighted. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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High-Throughput Identification and Prioritization of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: A Novel Method and its Application in Organic-Contaminated Soil

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Han, Tianhao Jin, Jinsha Jin, Mengke Zhang, Rong Fan, Tianle Qu, Changsheng Ding, Liang Nie, Li Guo, Jing Tan, Haoyue Shi, Wei Dalian University of Technology China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health Risk Nanjing210023 China Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Jiangsu Environmental Engineering Technology Co. Ltd Jiangsu Nanjing210019 China

The environmental issues related to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have attracted global attention. Although previous studies have successfully screened EDCs in the environment through high-throughput qualitative methods, identifying key substances quantitatively remains challenging. To address this challenge, a new approach based on machine learning and relative equivalent potency (REP) has been developed to assess key EDCs in complex pollution scenarios. To overcome the challenge of obtaining concentration in high-throughput screening, semi-quantitative models were developed using three machine learning algorithms. The random forest algorithm showed the best performance, achieving R2 values of 0.8662 and 0.8578 for positive and negative ion modes, respectively. The quantitative evaluation of endocrine-disrupting effects, based on the concept of "equivalent toxicity", allows for calculating individual EDC contributions to the bioassay equivalency (BEQ) of a sample, thereby identifying key EDCs. This method was applied to organic-contaminated soil samples from a contaminated site, leading to the detection of 143 EDCs across four categories. 4-Nitrophenol, stearic acid, androstanolone, oxyquinoline, estradiol, triclocarban, 4-octylphenol, triclosan, diarylpropionitrile, and triethanolamine were prioritized among these EDCs. In conclusion, this work presents a quantitative strategy for identifying key EDCs in organic-contaminated soil. This study provides both methodological and data support for controlling and remediating EDC pollution. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Triethanolamine

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The role of gut microbiota in mediating increased toxicity of nano-sized polystyrene compared to micro-sized polystyrene in mice

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Chemosphere 2024年 358卷 142275页

作者： Lin, Huai Li, Xin Gao, Huihui Hu, Wenjin Yu, Shenbo Li, Xi Lei, Liusheng Yang, Fengxia State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University Shenzhen518000 China School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin300071 China Agro-Environmental Protection Institute Ministry of Agriculture and Tural Affairs Tianjin300191 China

Microplastics (MPs) are widespread environmental contaminants that have been detected in animals and humans. However, their toxic effects on terrestrial mammals and the underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. Herein, we explored the role of gut microbiota in mediating the toxicity of micro- and nano-sized polystyrene plastics (PS-MPs/PS-NPs) using an antibiotic depleted mice model. The results showed that PS-MPs and PS-NPs exposure disrupted the composition and structure of the gut microbiota. Specifically, these particles led to an increase in pathogenic Esherichia-shigella, while depleting probiotics such as Akkermansia and Lactobacillus. Comparatively, PS-NPs particles had more pronounced effect, leading to obviously shifted the colon transcriptional profiles characterized by inducing the enrichment of colon metabolism and immune-related pathways (i.e., upregulated in genes like udgh, ugt1a1, ugt1a6a, ugt1a7c and ugt2b34). Additionally, both PS-MPs and PS-NPs induced oxidative stress, gut-liver damage and systemic inflammation in mice. Mechanistically, we confirmed that PS particles disturbed gut microbiota, activating TLR2-My88-NF-κB pathway to trigger the release of inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and TNF-α. The damage and inflammation caused by both size of PS particles was alleviated when the gut microbiota was depleted. In conclusion, our findings deepen the understanding of the molecule mechanisms by which gut microbiota mediate the toxicity of PS particles, informing health implications of MPs pollution. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Toxicity

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Responsive Trimodal Probes for In Vivo Imaging of Liver Inflammation by Coassembly and GSH-Driven Disassembly

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 677-689页

作者： Yuxuan Hu Yuqi Wang Xidan Wen Yifan Pan Xiaoyang Cheng Ruibing An Guandao Gao Hong-Yuan Chen Deju Ye State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center(ChemBIC)School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Noninvasive in vivo imaging of hepatic glutathione(GSH)levels is essential to early diagnosis and prognosis of acute *** GSH-responsive fluorescence imaging probes have been reported for evaluation of hepatitis conditions,the low penetration depth of light in liver tissue has impeded reliable GSH visualization in the human *** present a liver-targeted and GSH-responsive trimodal probe(GdNPs-Gal)for rapid evaluation of lipopolysaccharide-(LPS-)induced acute liver inflammation via noninvasive,real-time in vivo imaging of hepatic GSH ***-Gal are formed by molecular coassembly of a GSH-responsive Gd(III)-based MRI probe(1-Gd)and a liver-targeted probe(1-Gal)at a mole ratio of 5/1(1-Gd/1-Gal),which shows high r_(1) relaxivity with low fluorescence and fluorine magnetic resonance spectroscopic(^(19)F-MRS)*** interaction with GSH,1-Gd and 1-Gal are cleaved and GdNPs-Gal rapidly disassemble into small molecules 2-Gd,2-Gal,and 3,producing a substantial decline in r_(1) relaxivity with compensatory enhancements in fluorescence and ^(19)*** combining in vivo magnetic resonance imaging(^(1)H-MRI)with ex vivo fluorescence imaging and ^(19)F-MRS analysis,GdNPs-Gal efficiently detect hepatic GSH using three independent *** noninvasively visualized LPS-induced liver inflammation and longitudinally monitored its remediation in mice after treatment with an anti-inflammatory drug,dexamethasone(DEX).Findings highlight the potential of GdNPs-Gal for in vivo imaging of liver inflammation by integrating molecular coassembly with GSH-driven disassembly,which can be applied to other responsive molecular probes for improved in vivo imaging.

关键词： inflammation modal Probe

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Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of 24 Kinds of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids in N-Zno/Simulated Sunlight Irradiation System and its Mechanism

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Liu, Jiaoqin Zhang, Jingjing Jia, Mengye Qu, Ruijuan Wang, Zunyao Liu, Zhaoguo Jiang, Yu Zhang, Haoxiang Bai, Yujia Jin, Riya Qiao, Yina Ma, Rui Wu, Jiangtong School of Environment and Safety Engineering North University of China Shanxi Taiyuan030051 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China Department of Investigation Shanxi Police College Shanxi Taiyuan030401 China

The toxicity of imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) to flora, fauna, aquatic organisms, microorganisms, and cells underscored the critical need for their efficient removal to protect the ecological and health integrity of aquatic environments. This study investigated the photocatalytic degradation (PCD) kinetics and mechanisms of 24 types of ILs using a nitrogen (N)-doped ZnO/simulated sunlight irradiation system. N from both inorganic and organic compounds was successfully incorporated into ZnO. Among various doped samples, NH4NO3-doped ZnO calcined at 300°C with a molar ratio of NH4NO3 to Zn(NO3)2∙6H2O of 10: 1 exhibited superior catalytic performance, as confirmed by SEM, TEM, FT-IR, UVDRS, BET surface area, XPS, and XRD characterizations. After 24 h of exposure to Xe lamp irradiation, all 24 ILs were substantially degraded with the introduction of 5 mg of catalyst, whereas simulated sunlight alone resulted in minimal degradation. The pseudo-first-order rate coefficients (k) for PCD were closely related to the carbon chain length of alkyl substituents and the type of anion. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated no linear correlation between parameters E, H◦, Eth, and Cv◦ from Gaussian computation and k. Conversely, positively correlation were observed for EHOMO (B = 0.742, β = 1.282, P = 0.011), qH+ (B = 1.040, β = 3.284, P = 0.006), and G◦ (B = 0.001, β = 5.400, P = 0.007) with k. Mass spectrometry analysis indicated that the primary PCD pathway for [OMIm]Br included C-N and/or C-C bond breaking, mono-, di-, and tri-hydroxylation, single and double oxygen transfer, and bromo-substitution reactions. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Zinc oxide

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