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Simplified simulation of glucose hydrolysis to levulinic acid for estimating kinetic parameters

AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3073卷

作者： Meutia Ermina Toif Savitri Kamila Fatma Muslikhin Hidayat Rochmadi Rochmadi Arief Budiman LPP Agro Nusantara Jalan LPP No. 1 Yogyakarta 55222 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Jalan Grafika No. 2 Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia Master Program in System Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Jalan Teknika Utara No. 3 Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia

Levulinic acid (LA) is a short-chain fatty acid with ketone and carboxylic acid group which gives it superior characteristics as a building-block chemical for producing various chemicals, such as: Ƴ-valerolactone (GVL), methyltetrahydrofuran (MTHF), diphenolic acid (DPA), delta-aminolevulinic acid (DALA), and levulinate ester. Levulinic acid can be synthesized from various kinds of biomass and its derivatives, one of which is glucose. The reaction route of glucose hydrolysis to LA generally involves intermediates such as fructose, levoglucosan, and HMF, depending on the type of catalyst used. In this study, simulation of the kinetics of the hydrolysis reaction of glucose into LA was performed by simplifying the reaction scheme from reference data. The variables studied were temperature (140-160 oC) and concentration of hydrochloric acid catalyst (0.5-1.5 M). The hydrolysis data were simulated with three different models using MATLAB 2018a. The function of ode45 was used to solve the differential equations and fminsearch tool was used to minimize the kinetic parameter values. Chang’s model produces a greatest mean R2 (closer to one), which is considered more suitable than Mikola and Liang’s model.

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Ozone pollution induced-yield loss of major staple crops in China and effects from COVID-19

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年 157卷 804-820页

作者： Haiyang Liu Siyuan Wang Guangsheng Chen Zhaozhong Feng Di Liu Wenxiu Zhang Shufen Pan Hanqin Tian State Key Laboratory For Ecological Security of Regions and Cities Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Department of Engineering and Environmental Studies Program Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467-9991 USA Center for Earth System Science and Global Sustainability Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467-9991 USA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467-9991 USA

Surface ozone (O 3 ) pollution showed a continuous increasing trend during the recent decades in China, posing an increasing threat to food security. A wide range of yield reductions have been reported and thus more studies are needed to narrow down the uncertainty resulting from spatiotemporal accuracy of O 3 metrics and extrapolation methods. Based on a high spatial resolution (0.1°) hourly surface O 3 data, here we analyzed the spatiotemporal O 3 pollution patterns and impacts on yield, production and economic losses for wheat, rice, and maize in China during 2005–2020. The accumulated O 3 exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40) increased by 10 % during 2005–2019, and a decrease of 5.56 % was observed in 2020 due to the COVID-19 lockdowns. Rising O 3 pollution reduced national level wheat, rice and maize yields by 14.51 % ± 0.43 %, 11.10 % ± 0.6 %, and 3.99 % ± 0.11 %, respectively. A Business-As-Usual projection suggested that the relative yield loss (RYL) would potentially reach 8 %–18 % at the national scale by 2050 if no emission control is implemented. COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 led to significantly reduced RYL for maize (0.52 %) and rice (2.17 %) but not for wheat (0.11 %), with the largest reduction (1.88 %–9.4 %) in North China Plain, highlighting the potential benefits of emission control. Our findings provided robust evidence that rising O 3 pollution has significantly affected China's crop yields, production and economic losses, underscoring the urgent need to curb O 3 pollution to safeguard food security, particularly in densely populated and industrialized regions.

关键词： Emission control

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REPEAT ANALYSIS program AS A QUALITY ASSURANCE system FOR RADIOLOGY MANAGEMENT: CAUSAL REPEAT AND AN OVERVIEW

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Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences 2023年第3期54卷 S31-S31页

作者： Rochmayanti, Dwi Adi, Kusworo Widodo, Catur Edi Doctoral Program of Information System School of Postgraduate Diponegoro University Department of Radiodiagnostic and Radiotherapy Engineering Health Polytechnic Ministry of Health Semarang Central Java Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Mathematics Diponegoro University

OBJECTIVEThis paper aims to describe the image retakes program over several decades, and identify the causes of issues due to rejection rates. MATERIALS & METHODSThis study is a literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. Articles were searched from Google Scholar (3140) and Scopus (18) using keywords " Reject" or " Repeat" or " Retakes" and " Analysis" and " in" and " Diagnostic" and " Imaging". The article range was expanded to describe the profile of repeat analysis from the use of film-screen to digital transformation systems. Based on the established criteria, 20 articles were extracted and analyzed. RESULTSFrom the literature, it was found that repeat rates above 5% were still found in some examination categories, with chest radiography contributing the highest rejection rate, reaching 51.67%, with the biggest contributing factor being positioning (84.8%). There are interesting findings related to this program, where subjective factors in determining the classification of rejection causes still exist. One study mentioned that AI can predict image rejection accuracy with a sensitivity of 93%. Therefore, the use of AI can be very helpful in classifying rejection causes, making data available for more efficient and easier radiology management. CONCLUSIONRepeat program is part of image quality management. The justification for rejection decisions still poses a challenge related to personnel's subjective factors and determining the causes of rejection/repeat must also be done to obtain concrete data related to radiography performance.

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A mems _-preconcentrator employing a carbon molecular sieve membrane for highly volatile organic compound sampling

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Chemosensors 2021年第5期9卷

作者： Kuo, Hung-Yang Cheng, Wei-Riu Wu, Tzu-Heng Sheen, Horn-Jiunn Wang, Chih-Chia Lu, Chia-Jung Department of Chemistry National Taiwan Normal University Taipei11677 Taiwan Institute of Applied Mechanics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan33509 Taiwan Undergraduate Degree Program of System Engineering and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

This paper presents the synthesis and evaluation of a carbon molecular sieve membrane (CMSM) grown inside a MEMS-fabricated μ-preconcentrator for sampling highly volatile organic compounds. An array of µ-pillars measuring 100 µm in diameter and 250 µm in height were fabricated inside a microfluidic channel to increase the attaching surface for the CMSM. The surface area of the CMSM was measured as high as 899 m2/g. A GC peak amplification factor >2 × 104 was demonstrated with gaseous ethyl acetate. Up to 1.4 L of gaseous ethanol at the 100 ppb level could be concentrated without exceeding the capacity of this microchip device. Sharp desorption chromatographic peaks ( © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

关键词： Molecular sieves

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Pale Red Dot: A Large, Robust Architecture for Human Settlements on Mars

Pale Red Dot: A Large, Robust Architecture for Human Settlem...

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Accelerating Space Commerce, Exploration, and New Discovery Conference, ASCEND 2023

作者： Lordos, George Hoying, Madelyn McKinney, Lanie Webb, Alisa Lin, Yuying Martin, Estelle Beilstein, John Miller, Duncan Villegas, David Sepulveda, Francisco AlSadah, Yousif Iyer, Divya O’Neill, Cormac Patel, Palak Garcia, Ignacio Arzuaga Azzouz, H. Chan, Wing Lam Eyre, Ezra Gleason, Dane Romero, Elizabeth Arias, Liliana Orozco, Omar Gentgen, Chloe Latyshev, Kir Hoffman, Jeffrey de Weck, Olivier Ikinci, Meltem Lordos, Alexandros Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology 33-409 CambridgeMA02139 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Program and MIT Aeronautics and Astronautics 33-409 CambridgeMA02139 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. 33-409 CambridgeMA02139 United States System Design and Management Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. E40-300 CambridgeMA02139 United States Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. 33-409 CambridgeMA02139 United States Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States Electrical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States Computer Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. 37-219 CambridgeMA02139 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. 33-410 CambridgeMA02139 United States Behavioral Economics University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Department of Psychology University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus

ISBN: (数字)9781624107054

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107054

We propose a ten-yearMars mission to establish Earth-independence and support efficient, safe, and sustainable science and exploration goals. The campaign begins with a series of precursor missions, starting with the Artemis program, followed by robotic missions to performsite surveys and selection, de-risk technologies, and to start stockpiling in-situ water and propellant. Robotic Cargo Starships would depart first in 2035 to deliver and deploy approximately 5,800 tons of habitats, nuclear microreactors, farmmodules, manufacturing and ISRU systems. In 2040, two Crew Starships carrying 36 persons would land onMars to establish two close-proximity villages. The lifecycle cost is estimated at $81 billion, with a peak annual cost of $6.6 billion. To meet RASC-AL competition requirements, intended to motivate the exploration of highly self-reliant architecture concepts, resupply from Earth was constrained to only 5 metric tons every two years and minimum surface endurance was set at 7 years. The risks to human life and to critical systems increase exponentially over a minimally-resupplied, 7-10 year mission toMars. Our approach focused on identifying capabilities to mitigate known and unknown risks. Using a high-fidelity crew time model, we found that large architectures, with their economies of scale and productivity gains from specialization, are essential to robustly support the necessary capabilities. The model also shows that small 7-year missions of 12 persons or less cannot provide value in terms of free surface traverse time for science and exploration. Given the necessity of a large, complex architecture, we then sought out efficiencies and synergies (value engineering) in order to make the mission feasible and affordable. In the process, we identified more benefits that are enabled only by large missions, including the creation of a true community on Mars with sufficient social complexity for humans to thrive, and the geopolitically compelling option to inclu

关键词： Value engineering

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Association of postnatal exposure to mixture of bisphenol A, Di-n-butyl phthalate and Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate with Children's IQ at 5 Years of age: Mothers and Children's environmental health (MOCEH) study

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Chemosphere 2024年 347卷 140626页

作者： Ham, Dajeong Ha, Mina Park, Hyesook Hong, Yun-Chul Kim, Yangho Ha, Eunhee Bae, Sanghyuk Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine Dankook University Cheonan Korea Republic of Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan Korea Republic of Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Environmental Health Center College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea Republic of

Early childhood is important for neurodevelopment, and exposure to endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates in this period may cause neurodevelopmental disorders and delays. The present study examined the association between exposure to mixtures of BPA and three metabolites of phthalates in early childhood and IQ at 5 years of age. The Mother and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) study is a prospective birth cohort study conducted in Korea with 1751 pregnant women enrolled from 2006 to 2010. After excluding those without relevant data, 47 children were included in the final analysis. We measured children's urinary concentrations of metabolites of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (Bisphenol A, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate and mono-(2-ethyl-5-butyl) phthalate) at ages of 24 and 36 months. We evaluated the children's IQ with the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Test at the age of 5 years. After adjusting for potential confounders, a multiple linear regression was conducted to examine the associations between individual endocrine-disrupting chemicals and the IQ of the children. Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression and quantile-based g-computation were used to assess the association between IQ at age 5 and exposure to mixtures of BPA and phthalates. In the single-chemical analyses, mono-(2-ethyl-5-butyl) phthalate exposure at 36 months was adversely associated with children's IQ (β = −4.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): -9.22, −0.64). In the WQS regression and quantile-based g-computation analyses, exposure to the mixture of BPA and phthalates was associated with lower IQ [β = −9.13 (P-value = 0.05) and β = −9.18 (P-value = 0.05), respectively]. The largest contributor to the overall association was exposure to mono-(2-ethyl-5-butyl) phthalate at 36 months. In the present study, postnatal exposure to mixtures of BPA and three metabolites of phthalates was associated with decreased IQ of children at ag

关键词： Metabolites

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Towards seamless environmental prediction-development of Pan-Eurasian EXperiment(PEEX)modelling platform

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Big Earth Data 2024年第2期8卷 189-230页

作者： Alexander Mahura Alexander Baklanov Risto Makkonen Michael Boy Tuukka Petäjä Hanna KLappalainen Roman Nuterman Veli-Matti Kerminen Stephen R.Arnold Markus Jochum Anatoly Shvidenko Igor Esau Mikhail Sofiev Andreas Stohl Tuula Aalto Jianhui Bai Chuchu Chen Yafang Cheng Oxana Drofa Mei Huang Leena Järvi Harri Kokkola Rostislav Kouznetsov Tingting Li Piero Malguzzi Sarah Monks Mads Bruun Poulsen Steffen M.Noe Yuliia Palamarchuk Benjamin Foreback Petri Clusiu Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen Jun She Jens Havskov Sørensen Dominick Spracklen Hang Su Juha Tonttila Siwen Wang Jiandong Wang Tobias Wolf-Grosse Yongqiang Yu Qing Zhang Wei Zhang Wen Zhang Xunhua Zheng Siqi Li Yong Li Putian Zhou Markku Kulmala Faculty of Science Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research(INAR)/PhysicsUniversity of Helsinki(UHEL)HelsinkiFinland Science and Innovation Department World Meteorological Organization(WMO)GenevaSwitzerland Niels Bohr Institute University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Climate System Research Finnish Meteorological Institute(CSR-FMI)HelsinkiFinland School of Engineering Sciences Lappeenranta University of TechnologyLappeenrantaFinland Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science School of Earth and EnvironmentUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK Biodiversity and Natural Resources Program International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis(IIASA)LaxenburgAustria Department of Physics and Technology UiT-The Arctic University of NorwayTromsoNorway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center(NERSC) BergenNorway Atmospheric Composition Finnish Meteorological Institute(AC-FMI)HelsinkiFinland Norwegian Institute for Air Research(NILU) KjellerNorway LAGEO Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences(IAP-CAS)BeijingChina Max Planck Institute for Chemistry(MPI-Chem) MainzGermany Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate National Research Council of Italy(CNR-15SAC)BolognaItaly Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research(IGSNRR) Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)BeijingChina Faculty of Science Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science(HELSUS)University of Helsinki(UHEL)HelsinkiFinland Atmospheric Research Centre of Eastern Finland Finnish Meteorological Institute(ARCEF-FMI)KuopioFinland Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(IAP-CAS)BeijingChina Department of Plant Physiology Estonian University of Life Sciences(EULS)Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences(IAES)TartuEstonia Danish Meteorological Institute(DMI) CopenhagenDenmark State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)BeijingChina Uni

The Pan-Eurasian Experiment Modelling Platform(PEEX-MP)is one of the key blocks of the PEEX Research *** PEEX MP has more than 30 models and is directed towards seamless envir-onmental *** main focus area is the Arctic-boreal regions and *** models used in PEEX-MP cover several main components of the Earth’s system,such as the atmosphere,hydrosphere,pedosphere and biosphere,and resolve the physicalchemicalbiological processes at different spatial and temporal scales and *** paper introduces and discusses PEEX MP multi-scale modelling concept for the Earth system,online integrated,forward/inverse,and socioeconomical modelling,and other approaches with a particular focus on applications in the PEEX geographical *** employed high-performance com-puting facilities,capabilities,and PEEX dataflow for modelling results are *** virtual research platforms(PEEXView,Virtual Research Environment,Web-based Atlas)for handling PEEX modelling and observational results are *** over-all approach allows us to understand better physical-chemicalbiological processes,Earth’s system interactions and feedbacks and to provide valuable information for assessment studies on evaluating risks,impact,consequences,*** population,envir-onment and climate in the PEEX *** work was also one of the last projects of *** Zilitinkevich,who passed away on 15 February *** the finalization took time,the paper was actually submitted in 2023 and we could not argue that the final paper text was agreed with him.

关键词： Multi-scale and-processes modelling concept seamless coupling high-performance computing data infrastructure virtual research platforms

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Optoelectrical Nanomechanical Resonators Made from Multilayered 2D Materials

Research Square

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Research Square 2021年

作者： Esmenda, Joshoua Condicion Aguila, Myrron Albert Callera Wang, Jyh-Yang Lee, Teik-Hui Chen, Yen-Chun Yang, Chi-Yuan Lin, Kung-Hsuan Chang-Liao, Kuei-Shu Kafanov, Sergey Pashkin, Yuri Chen, Chii-Dong Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Nano-Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Physics Lancaster University LancasterLA1 4YB United Kingdom

Studies involving nanomechanical motion have evolved from its detection and understanding of its fundamental aspects to its promising practical utility as an integral component of hybrid systems. Nanomechanical resonators’ indispensable role as transducers between optical and microwave fields in hybrid systems, such as quantum communications interface, have elevated their importance in recent years. It is therefore crucial to determine which among the family of nanomechanical resonators is more suitable for this role. Most of the studies revolve around nanomechanical resonators of ultrathin structures because of their inherently large mechanical amplitude due to their very low mass. Here, we argue that the underutilized nanomechanical resonators made from multilayered two-dimensional (2D) materials are the better fit for this role because of their comparable electrostatic tunability and larger optomechanical responsivity. To show this, we first demonstrate the electrostatic tunability of mechanical modes of a multilayered nanomechanical resonator made from graphite. We also show that the optomechanical responsivity of multilayered devices will always be superior as compared to the few-layer devices. Finally, by using the multilayered model and comparing this device with the reported ones, we find that the electrostatic tunability of devices of intermediate thickness is not significantly lower than that of ultrathin ones. Together with the practicality in terms of fabrication ease and design predictability, we contend that multilayered 2D nanomechanical resonators are the optimal choice for the electromagnetic interface in integrated quantum systems. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Electrostatics

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Improving loss of load probability through biomass power plant integration: A case study in Tanjung Balai Karimun 2

Improving loss of load probability through biomass power pla...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Innovative Research and Development, ICIRD 2019

作者： Sunarwoko Elsafan, Erick Suhaimi, Lalu Hudaya, Chairul Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok16424 Indonesia Energy System Engineering Master Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok Indonesia Department of Metallurgy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Teknologi Sumbawa NTB Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728128252

Many regions in Indonesia are still lack of electricity due to geographical condition in the form of archipelago, including Tanjung Balai Karimun District, in Kepulauan Riau Province, Indonesia. Therefore, using local renewable resources to fulfill load demand is better than relying on utility grid. The potential of using biomass waste, for instance oil palm and coconut residues, as renewable energy resources should be an optional decision to make improvement, not only for the reliability of existing power system itself but also to meet the load demand generally available in every region of Indonesia. In 2016, Karimun Regency in Riau Islands Province as a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is growing rapidly in economic and facing electrical energy crisis simultaneously. Addressing this problem, the government has taken an action by making amendment on the policy that consciously planned to increase the capacity of power plants, in particular Oil and Gas Power Plants (OGPP) in the period of 2018-2024. The objective of this study is to evaluate the reliability of Tanjung Balai Karimun power system based on its Loss of Load Probability (LOLP) index designed during the planning period of power plant addition. Then, the value of new LOLP index was recalculated after integrating new system of Biomass Power Plant (BPP). Based on LOLP calculation using recursive method, LOLP index in 2018 decreased from 3.63 days/year to 2.05 days/year, reflecting quality improvement of the power plant reliability. Integrating BPP into the existing power plant has powered up the capacity of 2.8 MW according to the availability of oil palm and coconut biomass waste. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Biomass

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Prediction of Pelvic Organ Prolapse Postsurgical Outcome Using Biomaterial-Induced Blood Cytokine Levels: Machine Learning Approach

JMIR Perioperative Medicine

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JMIR Perioperative Medicine 2023年第1期6卷 e40402页

作者： Waugh, Mihyun Lim Boltin, Nicholas Wolf, Lauren Goodwin, Jane Parker, Patti Horner, Ronnie Hermes, Matthew Wheeler, Thomas Goodwin, Richard Moss, Melissa Biomedical Engineering Program University of South Carolina Columbia SC United States Biomedical Sciences University of South Carolina School of Medicine-Greenville Greenville SC United States Prisma Health Greenville Greenville SC United States Department of Health Services Research and Administration University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE United States Department of Bioengineering Clemson University Clemson SC United States Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System Spartanburg SC United States Department of Chemical Engineering University of South Carolina Columbia SC United States

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) refers to symptomatic descent of the vaginal wall. To reduce surgical failure rates, surgical correction can be augmented with the insertion of polypropylene mesh. This benefit is offset by the risk of mesh complication, predominantly mesh exposure through the vaginal wall. If mesh placement is under consideration as part of prolapse repair, patient selection and counseling would benefit from the prediction of mesh exposure;yet, no such reliable preoperative method currently exists. Past studies indicate that inflammation and associated cytokine release is correlated with mesh complication. While some degree of mesh-induced cytokine response accompanies implantation, excessive or persistent cytokine responses may elicit inflammation and implant rejection. Objective: Here, we explore the levels of biomaterial-induced blood cytokines from patients who have undergone POP repair surgery to (1) identify correlations among cytokine expression and (2) predict postsurgical mesh exposure through the vaginal wall. Methods: Blood samples from 20 female patients who previously underwent surgical intervention with transvaginal placement of polypropylene mesh to correct POP were collected for the study. These included 10 who experienced postsurgical mesh exposure through the vaginal wall and 10 who did not. Blood samples incubated with inflammatory agent lipopolysaccharide, with sterile polypropylene mesh, or alone were analyzed for plasma levels of 13 proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines using multiplex assay. Data were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) to uncover associations among cytokines and identify cytokine patterns that correlate with postsurgical mesh exposure through the vaginal wall. Supervised machine learning models were created to predict the presence or absence of mesh exposure and probe the number of cytokine measurements required for effective predictions. Results: PCA revealed that proinflammatory

关键词： biomaterial cytokines inflammatory response pelvic organ prolapse polypropylene mesh principal component analysis repair surgery supervised machine learning models surgical outcome prediction

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