Two isomeric fluorene-based heteroundecenes of bis(thienocyclopenthieno[3,2-b]thieno)fluorene(BT2T-F)and bis(dithieno[3,2-b:2’,3’-d]thiophene)cyclopentafluorene(B3T-F)have been designed and *** side chains of 4-hexy...
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Two isomeric fluorene-based heteroundecenes of bis(thienocyclopenthieno[3,2-b]thieno)fluorene(BT2T-F)and bis(dithieno[3,2-b:2’,3’-d]thiophene)cyclopentafluorene(B3T-F)have been designed and *** side chains of 4-hexylphenyl anchor on the 5th and 8th positions in B3T-F while on the 4th and 9th positions in BT2T-F,in which the former is closer to the center of the fused *** corresponding acceptor-donor-acceptor(A-D-A)type small molecule acceptors(SMAs)of BT2T-FIC and B3T-FIC were prepared by linking BT2T-F and B3T-F as fused ring donor units with the acceptor unit of 2-(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile(IC-2F),respectively.B3T-FIC presents a superior crystallinity with intense face-on π-π stacking in its neat film while BT2T-FIC is more *** blended with PBDB-T-2Cl as a polymer donor,the optimized PBDB-T-2Cl:BT2T-FIC device exhibits an averaged power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 10.56%while only 7.53%in the PBDB-T-2Cl:B3T-FIC *** improved short-circuit current(J_(sc))and fill factor(FF)of the PBDB-T-2Cl:BT2T-FIC device are the main contribution of its higher performance,which is attributed to its more efficient and balanced charge transport and better carrier recombination *** that BT2T-FIC blend and B3T-FIC blend films both take a preferential face-on orientatedπ-πstacking with comparable distances,the suitable SMA domain size obtained in the BT2T-FIC blend could account for its more efficient photovoltaic *** results highlight the importance of side-chain strategy in developing efficient SMAs with huge fused ring cores.
Emerging stimuli-responsive composite probes active in the second nearinfrared window(NIR-II,1000–1700 nm)hold vast potential for improving in vivo imaging performance with minimized noise *** interactions among exte...
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Emerging stimuli-responsive composite probes active in the second nearinfrared window(NIR-II,1000–1700 nm)hold vast potential for improving in vivo imaging performance with minimized noise *** interactions among external irradiation,shell species,and the emissive core are key factors in the design of smart *** external irradiation provides energy for shell species and the emissive core to generate intense NIR-II fluorescence signals,while the energy transfer process hinders NIR-II emission in the inner structure of smart composite ***,if pathophysiological stimuli interrupt the above processes,then NIR-II fluorescence signals are *** review covers NIR-II imaging based on diverse smart composite NIR-II fluorescent probes responding to various biological stimuli,including ONOO−,overexpressed reactive sulfur species,abnormally expressed enzymes,and abnormal levels of physiological ***,to appreciate these advances,the challenges and perspectives of stimuliresponsive composite NIR-II probes are highlighted.
Sodium-ion batteries are promising candidates for large-scale grid storage systems and other *** foremost advantage derives from superior environmental credentials,enhanced safety as well as lower raw material costs t...
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Sodium-ion batteries are promising candidates for large-scale grid storage systems and other *** foremost advantage derives from superior environmental credentials,enhanced safety as well as lower raw material costs than lithium-ion *** is still challenging to explore desirable anode *** this study,FeSe_(2)@CoSe_(2)/FeSe_(2),with a yolk-shell structure was prepared by ion exchange and *** FeSe_(2)@CoSe_(2)/FeSe_(2)prepared as anode material for sodiumion batteries exhibits excellent rate capability due to the synergistic effect of bimetallic selenides and the interfacial effect of the ***,it delivers high performance(510 mAh g^(-1)at 0.2 A g^(-1)),superior rate capa-bility(90%retention at 5 A g^(-1)),and good long-time cycling stability(78%capacity retention after 1800 cycles at a high current density of 2 A g^(-1)).The optimized sodiumion full cell with FeSe_(2)@CoSe_(2)/FeSe_(2)as the anode and Na 3 V 2(PO 4)3 as the cathode still demonstrates excellent ***,a ca-pacity of 272 mAh g^(-1)(at 1 A g^(-1))within the operating voltage from 1 to 3.8 V can be *** work illustrates the potential of bimetallic selenides with heterostructures for performance enhancement of sodium-ion batteries.
Semiconductor/metal junctions are widely discussed in ***,there is a notable scarcity of systematic studies focusing on photogenerated charge carrier transfer in such ***,CdS/Pt,CdS/Au,and CdS/Ag are synthesized to se...
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Semiconductor/metal junctions are widely discussed in ***,there is a notable scarcity of systematic studies focusing on photogenerated charge carrier transfer in such ***,CdS/Pt,CdS/Au,and CdS/Ag are synthesized to serve as model systems for investigating the charge carrier transfer in semiconductor/metal *** probe force microscopy is employed to visualize the transfer of photogenerated carriers in these *** results show that the electron transfer behavior under illumination is related to the conduction band position of CdS and the Fermi level position of the ***,Schottky junctions hinder the transfer of photogenerated electrons from CdS to Pt and Au,whereas ohmic contacts facilitate the transfer of photogenerated electrons from CdS to *** work provides novel insights into the mechanisms governing the transfer of photogenerated carriers in semiconductor/metal junctions.
Malignant tumors are the main diseases threatening human life. Using precise theranostics to diagnose and cure tumors has emerged as a new method to improve patient survival. Based on the current development of precis...
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Malignant tumors are the main diseases threatening human life. Using precise theranostics to diagnose and cure tumors has emerged as a new method to improve patient survival. Based on the current development of precise tumor imaging, image-guided tumor therapy has received widespread attention because it is beneficial for developing precise treatment of tumors, has the potential to improve the efficacy of tumor therapy and reduce the incidence of adverse side effects. Nanoprobes, which are nanomaterial functionalized with specific biomolecules, have intrigued intense interest due to their great potential in monitoring biorecognition and biodetection evens. Benefiting from the unique advantages of nanomaterials, including the easy surface functionalization, the unique imaging performances, and the high drug loading capacity, nanoprobes have become a powerful tool to simultaneously realize tumor precise imaging, diagnosis, and therapy. This review introduces the non-invasive tumor precise imaging and highlights the recent advances of image-guided oncotherapy mediated by nanoprobes in anti-tumor drug delivery, tumor precise surgical navigation, chemodynamic therapy, and phototherapy. Finally, a perspective on the challenge and future direction of nanoprobes in imaging-guided tumor theranostics is also discussed.
Due to its low cost and natural abundance of sodium,Na-ion batteries(NIBs)are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage *** development of ultralow voltage anode materials is of great significance in improvi...
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Due to its low cost and natural abundance of sodium,Na-ion batteries(NIBs)are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage *** development of ultralow voltage anode materials is of great significance in improving the energy density of ***-voltage anode materials,however,are severely lacking in *** all the reported insertion oxides anodes,the Na_(2)Ti_(3)O_(7) has the lowest operating voltage(an average potential of 0.3 V ***^(+)/Na)and is less likely to deposit sodium,which has excellent potential for achieving NIBs with high energy densities and high *** significant progress has been made,achieving Na_(2)Ti_(3)O_(7) electrodes with excellent performance remains a severe *** paper systematically summarizes and discusses the physicochemical properties and synthesis methods of Na_(2)Ti_(3)O_(7).Then,the sodium storage mechanisms,key issues and challenges,and the optimization strategies for the electrochemical performance of Na_(2)Ti_(3)O_(7) are classified and further ***,remaining challenges and future research directions on the Na_(2)Ti_(3)O_(7) anode are *** review offers insights into the design of high-energy and high-safety NIBs.
High entropy boride ceramics have great potential as structural materials serving in extreme ***,their applications are limited by the difficulty of *** the present study,dense(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2)...
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High entropy boride ceramics have great potential as structural materials serving in extreme ***,their applications are limited by the difficulty of *** the present study,dense(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))B_(2)ceramics with B_(4)C additions were prepared through pressureless sintering at as low as 1900℃.Calculations based on the CALPHAD approach predict that(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))B_(2)starts to melt at about 3315℃whilst B_(4)C additions reduce the temperature and broaden the tempera-ture region where solid and liquid *** showed that the introduction of B_(4)C could trigger the densification of(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))B_(2)at a lower temperature and promote their densification *** relative density of samples with 5 wt%of B_(4)C additions sintered at 1900 and 2000℃was 97.7%and 99.7%,*** the sintering temperature was further increased to 2100℃,the liquid phase was reactively formed,leading to the rapid grain coarsening in samples with B_(4)C *** by well-dispersed B_(4)C grains,the sample with 5 wt%B_(4)C sintered at 2000℃exhibited excellent mechanical properties with the Vickers hardness,flexural strength,and fracture toughness of 21.07±2.09 GPa,547±45 MPa,and 5.24±0.14 MPa m^(1/2),which are comparable or even higher than counterparts sintered under pressure.
As the most desirable hydrogen production device,the highly efficient acidic proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers(PEMWE)are severely limited by the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction(OER)at the ***...
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As the most desirable hydrogen production device,the highly efficient acidic proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers(PEMWE)are severely limited by the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction(OER)at the *** IrO2 is a commercial acid-stable OER catalyst with poor activity and high cost,which has motivated the development of ***,hitherto most of the designed acidic OER catalysts have disadvantages of low activity or stability,which cannot meet the requirement of industrial ***,exploring suitable strategies to enhance the activity and stability of cost-effective acidic OER catalysts is crucial for developing the PEMWE *** this review,the main OER mechanisms,different types of catalysts,and their activity and stability characteristics are summarized and discussed,and then possible strategies to improve activity and stability are ***,the problems and prospects of such catalysts are generalized to shed some light on the future research of advanced catalysts for acidic OER.
Micro/nanorobots(MNRs)are envisioned to provide revolutionary changes to therapies for infectious diseases as they can deliver various antibacterial agents or energies to many hard-to-reach infection ***,existing MNRs...
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Micro/nanorobots(MNRs)are envisioned to provide revolutionary changes to therapies for infectious diseases as they can deliver various antibacterial agents or energies to many hard-to-reach infection ***,existing MNRs face substantial challenges in addressing complex infections that progress from superficial to deep ***,we develop swarming magnetic Fe3O4@polydopamine-tannic acid nanorobots(Fe3O4@PDA-TA NRs)capable of performing targeted bacteria elimination in complicated bacterial infections by integrating superficial photothermal and deep chemical *** Fe3O4@PDA-TA nanoparticles(NPs),serving as building blocks of the nanorobots,are fabricated by in situ polymerization of dopamine followed by TA *** driven by alternating magnetic fields,Fe3O4@PDA-TA NPs can assemble into large energetic microswarms continuously flowing forward with tunable ***,the swarming Fe3O4@PDA-TA NRs can be navigated to achieve rapid broad coverage of a targeted superficial area from a distance and rapidly eradicate bacteria residing there upon exposure to near-infrared(NIR)light due to their efficient photothermal ***,they can concentrate at deep infection sites by traversing through confined,narrow,and tortuous passages,exerting sustained antibacterial action through their surface TA-induced easy cell adhesion and subsequent membrane ***,the swarming Fe3O4@PDA-TA NRs show great potential for addressing complex superficial-to-deep *** study may inspire the development of future therapeutic microsystems for various diseases with multifunction synergies,task flexibility,and high efficiency.
Developing non-noble catalyst synthesis under green conditions with efficient electrochemical reactions is a challenging task in green energy *** meet this challenge,the synthesis of hybridized non-noble cobalt and ir...
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Developing non-noble catalyst synthesis under green conditions with efficient electrochemical reactions is a challenging task in green energy *** meet this challenge,the synthesis of hybridized non-noble cobalt and iron in the zeolitic-imidazole framework(Co/Fe-ZIF)through a solid-state thermal(SST)method is *** the obtained Co/Fe-ZIF structure,iron atoms are uniformly dispersed and randomly hybridized with primary cobalt atoms and imidazole linker,similar to the structure of *** hybridized Co/Fe-ZIF shows potential as an electrocatalyst for oxidation evolution reaction(OER).The optimal iron-incorporating catalyst,Co/Fe_(0.2)-ZIF,demonstrates remarkable performance with a minimized overpotential of 285 mV at the current density(j)of 10 mA·cm^(-2)in 1 M *** synergistic effect of iron and cobalt ions on the catalyst provides active sites that bind to intermediate(OOH^(*))more strongly and facilitate high electron charge transfer,enhancing efficient ***,the synergistic Co/Fe_(0.2-)ZIF catalyst demonstrates excellent durable reaction time compared to non-iron catalyst(ZIF-67)and conventional catalyst(RuO_(2)).
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