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Recent Advances in Parity-Time Symmetry-Enabled Electromagnetic Sensors

Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 2024年 105卷 107-121页

作者： Yang, Minye Ye, Zhilu Chen, Pai-Yen Erricolo, Danilo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine School of Life Science and Technology International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology Xi’an Key Laboratory for Biomedical Testing and High-end Equipment Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Parity-time (PT) reversal symmetry, as a representative example in the field of non-Hermitian physics, has attracted widespread research interest in the past few years due to its extraordinary wave dynamics. PT symmetry enables unique spectral singularities including the exceptional point (EP) degeneracy where two or more eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, as well as the coherent perfect absorber-laser (CPAL) point where laser and its time-reversal counterpart (i.e., coherent perfect absorber) can coexist at the same frequency. These singular points not only give rise to new physical phenomena but also provide new plausibility for building the next-generation sensors and detectors with unprecedented sensitivity. To date, investigations into EPs and CPAL points have unveiled their great potential in various sensing scenarios across a broad spectral range, spanning optics, photonics, electronics, and acoustics. In this review article, we will discuss ongoing developments of EP- and CPAL-based sensors composed of PT-synthetic structures and offer a glimpse into the future research directions in this emerging field. © (2024), (Electromagnetics Academy). All rights reserved.

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Human-Machine Fusion Decision-Making for Emergency Handling

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IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and engineering 2025年 22卷 4427-4433页

作者： Wu, Edmond Q. Li, Jianqiang Chen, Guimin Yuce, Mehmet R. Islam, Shafiqul Ser, Javier Del Yu, Hui Liu, Peter Xiaoping Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China College of Computer and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University MelbourneVIC3800 Australia Xavier University of Louisiana New OrleansLA70125 United States Tecnalia Institute Bizkaia48160 Spain School of Creative Technologies University of Portsmouth PortsmouthPO1 2UP United Kingdom Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University OttawaONKIS 5B6 Canada

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Cramér-Rao bounds of near-field positioning based on electromagnetic propagation model

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2023年第11期72卷 13808-13825页

作者： Chen, Ang Chen, Li Chen, Yunfei You, Changsheng Wei, Guo Yu, F. Richard University of Science and Technology of China CAS Key Laboratory of Wireless Optical Communication Hefei230027 China University of Durham Department of Engineering DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Shenzhen518055 China Carleton University Department of Systems and Computer Engineering OttawaONK1S 5B6 Canada

The adoption of large-scale antenna arrays at high-frequency bands is widely envisioned in the beyond 5G wireless networks. This leads to the near-field regime where the wavefront is no longer planar but spherical, bringing new opportunities and challenges for communications and positioning. In this article, we improve the near-field positioning technology from the classical spherical wavefront model (SWM) to the more accurate and true electromagnetic propagation model (EPM). A generic near-field positioning model with different observation capabilities for three electric field types (vector, scalar, and overall scalar electric field) is developed based on the complete EPM. For these three observed electric field types, the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) is adopted to evaluate the achievable estimation accuracy. The expressions of the CRBs for different electric field observations are derived by combining electromagnetic propagation concepts with estimation theory. Closed-form expressions can be further obtained as the terminal is assumed to be on the central perpendicular line (CPL) of the receiving antenna surface. Moreover, the above discussions are extended to the system with multiple receiving antennas. In this case, the CRBs using various electric field types are derived and the effect of different numbers of receiving antennas is deeply investigated. Numerical results are provided to quantify the CRBs and validate the analytical results. Also, the impact of different system parameters, including electric field type, wavelength, size of the receiving antenna, and number of antennas, is evaluated. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Electric fields

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Real-time binaural speech reproduction with deep neural networks and dynamic head tracking 156

Real-time binaural speech reproduction with deep neural netw...

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AES Madrid 2024: 156th Audio engineering Society Convention

作者： Papavasileiou, Ioannis Thoidis, Iordanis Sevastiadis, Christos Vryzas, Nikolaos Papanikolaou, George Laboratory of Electroacoustics and TV Systems School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Laboratory of Electronic Media Department of Journalism and Mass Media Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece

This study examines the efficacy of a deep learning-based binaural speech reproduction system via headphones that integrates real-time head tracking to simulate a stable speech source in a virtual environment. We developed a binaural speech reproduction system that operates in real time using a custom head-tracking device based on the Arduino platform and a pre-trained neural network model for binaural speech synthesis. The system dynamically adapts audio output based on the head orientation of the listener, operating with an overall latency of 70 ms on standard computing hardware. We conducted a subjective speech localization task with 15 young, normal-hearing participants. Initial results showed a 40% accuracy in localizing a static speech source, which significantly improved with dynamic head movements. Participants reported minimal dizziness and distortion, indicating good tolerability and sound quality. Despite some limitations, such as non-personalized settings and perceivable latency, the findings demonstrate the potential of deep learning approaches to enhance realism in virtual auditory environments. Further research is needed to refine these technologies for broader applications in immersive audio settings. © AES Madrid 2024: 156th Audio engineering Society Convention. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Photonic Topological Spin Pump in Synthetic Frequency Dimensions

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Physical Review Letters 2024年第3期132卷 033803-033803页

作者： Joseph Suh Gyunghun Kim Hyungchul Park Shanhui Fan Namkyoo Park Sunkyu Yu Intelligent Wave Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Ginzton Laboratory Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA Photonic Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea

Reducing geometrical complexity while preserving desired wave properties is critical for proof-of-concept studies in wave physics, as evidenced by recent efforts to realize photonic synthetic dimensions, isospectrality, and hyperbolic lattices. Laughlin’s topological pump, which elucidates quantum Hall states in cylindrical geometry with a radial magnetic field and a time-varying axial magnetic flux, is a prime example of these efforts. Here we propose a two-dimensional dynamical photonic system for the topological pumping of pseudospin modes by exploiting synthetic frequency dimensions. The system provides the independent control of pseudomagnetic fields and electromotive forces achieved by the interplay between mode-dependent and mode-independent gauge fields. To address the axial open boundaries and azimuthal periodicity of the system, we define the adjusted local Chern marker with rotating azimuthal coordinates, proving the nontrivial topology of the system. We demonstrate the adiabatic pumping for crosstalk-free frequency conversion with wave front molding. Our approach allows for reproducing Laughlin’s thought experiment at room temperature with a scalable setup.

关键词： Photonics Synthetic gauge fields Topological effects in photonic systems Coupled mode theory

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ETAG: An Energy-Neutral Ear Tag for Real-Time Body Temperature Monitoring of Dairy Cattle 23

ETAG: An Energy-Neutral Ear Tag for Real-Time Body Temperatu...

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29th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, MobiCom 2023

作者： Vu, Hien Chung, Hanwook Choi, Christopher Kim, Younghyun Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Wisconsin Embedded Systems and Computing Laboratory University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI60032179 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450399906

Heat stress, caused by a warming climate and the increasingly high milk-producing dairy cattle, is one of the major threats to the well-being of dairy cattle as well as the economic, environmental, and social sustainability of dairy farming around the world. Timely identification of cows under heat stress is crucial to improving animal welfare, preventing milk production losses, and preserving water and energy for *** paper presents a smart ear tag, named eTag, and an associated system that can read a passive microchip temperature sensor subcutaneously injected into the animal with minimal discomfort. It features a lightweight design using a single coil shared for microchip scanning and wireless charging. eTag is autonomously recharged by a wireless charger over the head during daily milking sessions, enabling perpetual operation without battery replacement after deployment. The real-world performance of the proposed system was examined intensively in a three-week deployment on seven lactating Holstein cows. We demonstrate that eTag can reliably collect accurate body temperature in real time while maintaining a positive energy flow. The deployment of eTag will enable the timely detection of heat stress and facilitate precision control of barn cooling systems. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Energy harvesting

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A survey on hyperspectral image restoration: from the view of low-rank tensor approximation

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第4期66卷 33-63页

作者： Na LIU Wei LI Yinjian WANG Ran TAO Qian DU Jocelyn CHANUSSOT School of Information and Electronics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Fractional Signals and Systems Beijing Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mississippi State University GIPSA-Lab University of Grenoble Alpes Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

The ability to capture fine spectral discriminative information enables hyperspectral images(HSIs) to observe, detect and identify objects with subtle spectral discrepancy. However, the captured HSIs may not represent the true distribution of ground objects and the received reflectance at imaging instruments may be degraded, owing to environmental disturbances, atmospheric effects, and sensors' hardware limitations. These degradations include but are not limited to complex noise, heavy stripes, deadlines,cloud/shadow occlusion, blurring and spatial-resolution degradation, etc. These degradations dramatically reduce the quality and usefulness of HSIs. Low-rank tensor approximation(LRTA) is such an emerging technique, having gained much attention in the HSI restoration community, with an ever-growing theoretical foundation and pivotal technological innovation. Compared to low-rank matrix approximation(LRMA),LRTA characterizes more complex intrinsic structures of high-order data and owns more efficient learning abilities, being established to address convex and non-convex inverse optimization problems induced by HSI restoration. This survey mainly attempts to present a sophisticated, cutting-edge, and comprehensive technical survey of LRTA toward HSI restoration, specifically focusing on the following six topics: denoising, fusion,destriping, inpainting, deblurring, and super-resolution. For each topic, state-of-the-art restoration methods are introduced, with quantitative and visual performance assessments. Open issues and challenges are also presented, including model formulation, algorithm design, prior exploration, and application concerning the interpretation requirements.

关键词： hyperspectral image image restoration low-rank tensor approximation multisource fusion remote sensing

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Soft Artificial Synapse Electronics

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Research 2024年第4期2025卷 101-118页

作者： Md.Rayid Hasan Mojumder Seongchan Kim Cunjiang Yu Department of Electrical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Bioengineering University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Materials Research Laboratory University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Nick Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Soft electronics,known for their bendable,stretchable,and flexible properties,are revolutionizing fields such as biomedical sensing,consumer electronics,and robotics.A primary challenge in this domain is achieving low power consumption,often hampered by the limitations of the conventional von Neumann *** response,the development of soft artificial synapses(SASs)has gained substantial *** synapses seek to replicate the signal transmission properties of biological synapses,offering an innovative solution to this *** review explores the materials and device architectures integral to SAS fabrication,emphasizing flexibility and stability under mechanical *** architectures,including floating-gate dielectric,ferroelectric-gate dielectric,and electrolyte-gate dielectric,are analyzed for effective weight control in *** utilization of organic and low-dimensional materials is highlighted,showcasing their plasticity and energy-efficient ***,the paper investigates the integration of functionality into SASs,particularly focusing on devices that autonomously sense external *** SASs,capable of recognizing optical,mechanical,chemical,olfactory,and auditory cues,demonstrate promising applications in computing and sensing.A detailed examination of photo-functionalized,tactile-functionalized,and chemoreception-functionalized SASs reveals their potential in image recognition,tactile sensing,and chemosensory applications,*** study highlights that SASs and functionalized SAS devices hold transformative potential for bioelectronics and sensing for soft-robotics applications;however,further research is necessary to address scalability,longtime stability,and utilizing functionalized SASs for prosthetics and in vivo applications through clinical *** providing a comprehensive overview,this paper contributes to the understanding of SASs,bridging research gaps and paving the way tow

关键词： dielectric utilizing gained

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Multidimensional Voronoi Constellations vs. Short Blocklength Probabilistic Shaping: A Comparison for Multilevel Coding Approach

Multidimensional Voronoi Constellations vs. Short Blocklengt...

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2024 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, ACP 2024 and International Conference on Information Photonics and Optical Communications, IPOC 2024

作者： Sheng, Yajie Chen, Bin Lei, Yi Deng, Jingxin Xu, Jiwei Fu, Mengfan Zhuge, Qunbi Li, Shen Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Université Laval Québec Canada

Performance of concatenated multilevel coding with probabilistic shaping (PS) and Voronoi constellations (VCs) is analysed over AWGN channel. Numerical results show that VCs provide up to 1.3 dB SNR gains over PS-QAM ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379266

关键词： Probability distributions

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Heterogeneous Statistical QoS Provisioning for Scalable Software-Defined 6G Mobile Networks 57

Heterogeneous Statistical QoS Provisioning for Scalable Soft...

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57th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and systems, CISS 2023

作者： Zhang, Xi Zhu, Qixuan Poor, H. Vincent Texas AandM University Networking and Information Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College StationTX77843 United States Princeton University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering PrincetonNJ08544 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665451819

Due to the explosively increasing number of mobile users and the new types of data demands in the fifth generation (5G) mobile wireless network, research in wireless networks has shifted toward the development of the sixth-generation (6G) wireless network. Although the research for software-defined network (SDN) architectures in 5G mainly focuses on the dynamic programming for the internet backbone, these software programming techniques can be also applied at the network edge to support the exponentially increasing demands from mobile users under constrained wireless resources. In order to study the interference problem resulted by massive mobile users, the scaling law is a powerful tool to show how fast the levels of network imperfections can be tolerated as the number of mobile users increases. In this paper, we investigate the scaling behavior of software-defined architectures over 6G wireless networks. We consider the wireless channel in three scenarios: single-input-single-output (SISO), multiple-input-single-output (MISO), and multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO), where we derive the corresponding scaling law for each scenario, respectively. Our derived scaling law shows how the network performance scales with the number of mobile users in a wireless network. Then, we propose a software-defined network slicing scheme to select the optimal mobile users and derive their optimal resource allocations, according to our derived scaling law, under SISO, MISO, and MIMO wireless channel, respectively. Finally, we validate and evaluate the derived scaling behavior of the software-defined architecture over 6G wireless networks through numerical analyses. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： wireless networks

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